Jane Austen said of Emma ‘she is a character who no-one but myself will much like.’ Examine the idea of Emma as a likeable character

Jane Austen said of Emma ‘she is a character who no-one but myself will much like.' Examine the idea of Emma as a likeable character. On deciding my opinion of Emma from what I have perceived of her, I took into account the different influences when reading it. In the period when the book was written, the character of Emma would have been disliked by the audience whoever read it in Austen's time would have felt she is headstrong and could have been seen as a woman who rebels against society. This is shown in the novel when she is speaking to Mr. Elton and refusing his proposal, â€Å"believe me, sir, I am far, very far, from gratified in being the object of such professions.† In this time women were influenced by society to marry for wealth in order to secure their future. The author's opinion on Emma is â€Å"she is a character who no-one but myself will much like.† However these very same characteristics would be viewed by the modern world as acceptable because more women in today's society are found to be more independent and are headstrong. Reading through the book at different points, we can see the many flaws and strengths Emma has a character. As a reader we notice how she is a loyal friend and considerate both towards Harriet and her father Mr. woodhouse. But we also see how she can be manipulative to Harriet and thoughtless to miss bates â€Å"it was as much as Emma could bare without being impolite.† The idea of the author describing the situation by using the bare would suggest to us that the predicament she is in; to her is something very bad and difficult to get out. The reason the author chose this was to get the readers to understand what Emma's feelings are at that point, being there and listening to miss bates, at this point I empathize with Emma, she is being patronizing but polite towards miss bates. It's in this chapter 43 where she finds miss bates dull, but to say those things in her society would be frowned upon. However in certain times of the book I find Emma to be too full of her and should learn how to respect others. Although generally my opinion of Emma would be that I like her and the character she is, is believable as her characteristics are found in all of us. Even if the book may portray the other characters in another way not showing the reader what they are truly like so we cant judge Emma's actions against theirs. I find Emma to be a typical human by the way she acts. Emma has her own opinions and voices them out if what others are saying or doing her is against. This shows Emma as a strong minded individual and doesn't believe in the way society is governed, to me as a reader, it seems that Emma is restrained and held back by society. When studying at the character of Emma in the period of Austen, the readers may approach Emma differently. Their views and opinions of her may change due to the way the society of their time worked. The fact that Emma was rude publicly to miss bates where she voiced out her opinions of her, â€Å"ah ma'am, but there maybe a difficulty. Pardon me – but you will be limited as to number – only three at once.† in this sentence you can see that when Emma says this, there is hardly a pause and that the thoughts come easily to her but what she says is not justified for in the period this was written if certain members did not cooperate with each other they were taught to refrain themselves from speaking nastily about them out loud. People in Austen's society, when reading this book, would disapprove of Emma when she talks about her feelings towards marriage. At this point, us the audience can now see Emma at a different perspective, we now see how selfish she is capable of being when she declares that she will marry Mr. knightly for love and not wealth but advises her friend Harriet to marry for social status on page 48. This links to when Harriet tells Emma that she plans to marry Mr. Martin for love but Emma dismisses this idea and encourages Harriet to find someone else and marry them for wealth. However Emma's feelings change yet again when Harriet confides in her and tells Emma that she believes to be in love with Mr. knightly, here we see Emma change moods and projects Harriet to be beneath Mr. knightly and that she does meet the expectations. This is where Emma clings to established idea only when it suits her, but does turn against them, to the readers it would suggest to them that Emma is confused about where she stands and what she wants to believe in. she seems as though her character is rather fickle. At the time when this book was written women were expected to marry mainly for wealth and social status in order to secure their future and well being. But in the 19th century at the time when this was being written, there had been a huge change in the social structures because of heightened industry. New money had been introduced and began to make its mark; Austen satirizes this least confident, most pompous part of society such as the Coles. Rank was determined by family history and not current wealth. Mr. Weston is of good family but is not a historical landowner. This is where Emma clings to established ideas only when it suits her but does go against them. People reading Emma in Austen's time would find Emma too headstrong and seems to have no respect. This also links to when Harriet wishes to marry Mr. martin for love but is persuaded by Emma to refuse him and marry someone else who is financially secure, however when Emma finds out about Harriet's feelings towards Mr. knightly, Emma's mood switches and makes Harriet sound as though she is beneath him and not good enough. One incident in the book where Emma shows this is when Mr. Weston marries Miss Taylor â€Å"a portion less governess.† Emma also illustrates her changing attitudes in society as well when Emma is distasteful of the Coles and Mrs. Elton who have come into money only recently and here Emma refers to that by commenting â€Å"she bought no name, no blood†¦Ã¢â‚¬  in this quote Emma uses blood in a very personal context about people now becoming wealthy, she sticks to old hierarchical values which shows she lacks forward thinking. In Austen's period men were allowed to make matches with no money and social security if the woman was pretty and accomplished. With this attitude in today's society because woman now have a near equal status, the idea wouldn't be welcomed and maybe frowned upon by us. Also both partners are expected to have some money and had an education. In chapter 8 it backs up my point as Mr. knightly is arguing with Emma about influencing Harriet's decision in marrying Mr. martin because Harriet's background is unknown and its because of this that none of the characters can make a true judgment as who will be best suited to Harriet. Here it shows one of Emma's faults as she is quick to judge without knowing all the facts. We would perceive her as more of the type of person we would associate with our modern society, as well as looking at the people around us in our world and comparing it to the time the book was written; over the years women have grown more independent and it is seems clearly in our society. Women are seen to be more head strong and focused for what they are aiming for in life, and the character of Emma enforces this. She had formed her own opinions of people and had admitted that she is quite happy to match make even if others disapprove. â€Å"I have none of the usual inducements of wanting to marry†¦fortune I do not want, employment I do not want†. Emma's thoughts of marriage and love is put to the reader she also refuses to acknowledge about the qualities men look for in a wife, such as security and for the women to be pretty and accomplished. Her refusal to these codes, caused problems between men, and relationships. This idea could be linked to when she refuses Mr. Elton as she does not love him and is also not prepared to commit herself to him. Mr. Elton is a wealthy character and in Austin's time Emma would have been expected to marry him. In today's society, many young single women take an interest in their friend's future and also match make, but in our time it is very much welcomed. Also in our modern environment people of become less shallow about wealth and appearance, and when they marry, they marry for love and not wealth, compared to Austin's era. Touching on the idea that Emma is more ahead of her time in the opinions of love and marriage, we ourselves look back and see her character as normal for most of her actions are exactly what we today would feel, such as being honest about our feelings of other people, whether we like them or not. As well as advising or helping our friends, choose partners. When Emma is helping her friend Harriet by introducing her to gentlemen, people in Aust in's time as well as our society would approve of her doing that. At the period of time, the author was writing, she was at that point single and un-married. She had strong feelings against loveless marriages and with these emotions Jane Austin has established her characters, for instance she herself is written as Emma, Miss Taylor's role is idealized and Jane Fairfax; her position is more realistic as her outcome/marriage to Frank Churchill is looked upon as unlikely. She focuses on Emma's character to put across to the readers, her views on marrying for love as the outcome for Emma is that she marries Mr. Knightly for love. With Austin's female characters she removes them from actual society and romanticizes. The readers expectations of a happy ending is marriage, Emma is shown to have learnt that marriage is good. Could Austin be shown to be ironic? I think that at the time Austin was writing most, if not, all stories finish with a happy ending and it was unusual if they did not. I also, have the idea that the reason why she chose Emma to fall in love and then marry, is that she probably wanted to show people in her society that it is possible to stop caring so much about money and to marry someone you care about. However, when I contemplate this idea I begin to wonder, why, if my theory is correct in some way, that she chooses Emma to act peculiar and show her clinging onto establish ideas when it suits her. Most women in Austin's period would not have been troubled or confused about their feelings towards their marriages and the gentlemen they married, where as Emma at one point asks herself for a clear answer about what she feels for Mr. Churchill. â€Å"I will certainly not persuade myself to feel more then I do†¦he is undoubtedly very much in love everything denotes it very much in love indeed†. By ending the story happily its suggests to the reader as well as taking into account Austin's views, that perhaps Austin is wanting this in her own life, such as to find a gentleman she loves and marry. There are two explanations as to why Austin is doing this, it could in away be that the author feels threatened in someway, that she may never marry as she is turned against society for promising to marry for love and with this idea she uses Emma to portray what she wishes. The other explanation is taken from a modern point of view that Austin is looking at the realistic side of marriages, such as love and not the materialistic side, for readers of today would respect Austin and the character of Emma for feeling this way. By Austin making this promise to her she is in a way making a statement to her society by using Emma's character to mould Austin's emotions. By ending the story with Emma marrying, Austin in turn hopes that she will find a gentleman, that she loves and will eventual ly marry him. The position of Emma's character in the social hierarchy is that she is a daughter from a father who is a substantial land owner. She has been brought up in a well to do family, who has a history of wealth which they are flourishing in. It is from this situation that Emma has formed her opinions, on the ‘old' times and is distasteful to people who have recently come into money, due to the society shake up. When a woman, such as Emma is born into high society, she is expected to help the less fortunate, by attending to them and giving them food, which improves her character and it, is thought by doing this, it will help her have a better profile when marrying. Readers in Austin's period would agree with Emma helping the less fortunate, however in our society we would respect this charitable act. Although, the mentioning of the poor and needy, conditions in their time were largely missed out of the novel. But Austin writes of one visit to the poor, which is to heighten Emma's charity due to her command of the narrative. This is shown when Emma and Harriet pay a visit to Miss Bates house and offer help, also the topical issues such as social structures are held to irony and exaggeration. Because Emma is expected to be charitable she is also predicted to be nice to those lower in the social status such as Miss Bates. However, because of Emma's view on the resent monies and the people who h ave reaped the benefits and become rich, Emma acts pleasantly towards them, but in our society we would class that as an insult and snobbery. â€Å"With the father who is affectionate and indulgent† towards Emma. Would help us to understand Emma's view on certain things; possibly it is the father who has enforced the established ideas on Emma. From studying the characters of Jane Fairfax, Emma and Mrs. Elton, it gives me the impression that Jane Fairfax illustrates the positive side of Emma's character whereas Mrs. Elton is seen as the negative side of Emma's character. At the beginning of Chapter (20) the readers are introduced too Jane Fairfax â€Å"Jane Fairfax was an orphan† this setting makes you as a reader sympathetic towards Jane Fairfax. Continuing to read the chapter, readers learn of Jane's background and become aware of a more positive description of her character as opposed to Emma's character. As well as that Emma tolerates Jane and she accepts Jane into society but not the Coles who have recently become rich. The readers begin to get the idea that Emma recognizes Jane's attractiveness and becomes jealous of her, in chapter 20 â€Å"Jane Fairfax is elegant†¦Ã¢â‚¬  However when reading the description we seem to side rather with Emma and look upon Jane as too much of a good character and feel she is too superficial, this is my opinion from a reader of today. The reason the readers feel like this towards Jane is probably because the narrative style as Austen uses a narrative style that is omniscient, she writes in third per son so she is observing the action and development of the plot from the point of view of a central character and privy to her thoughts and feelings alone. The character of Emma is more believable as she has many faults like a proper human which are revealed through her actions and conversation. Picking out certain key quotes, I notice that maybe Emma is acting a bit harsh towards Jane â€Å"why she did not like Jane Fairfax might be a difficult question to answer.† Personally I don't think she is aware of how harsh she can be but needs to take control of feelings. In Austen's society, the readers would favor Jane over Emma as she would be seen as a better wife to look at but knowing Jane's background it would affect her chances for she was not born with money. Why readers of Austen's period would also like Jane's character more, is that the author doesn't write from Jane's point of view but only Emma's, so we cant understand any of Jane's feelings towards certain characters, whether she thinks nastily of them or highly. Another fault of Emma shown in this chapter is that we as the readers perceive Emma to be lazy â€Å"always d oing more then she wished and less then she ought.† To help us understand Mrs. Elton's character, we can look at the conversations between her and the other characters. I noticed that she is very tedious to talk to. â€Å"It was as much fun as Emma could bear without being impolite.† This once again illustrates Emma's character in a bad light; it's when Emma's shows the reader her capability of being rude to characters when its unprovoked makes me wonder if I do like Emma. Maybe Emma is nasty to Mrs. Elton; I don't think that both Austen's and modern society would disapprove as much for Mrs. Elton is shown not to be a likeable character. But with Jane the readers of Austen's society would feel it's unnecessary for she is a likeable person. The readers make their judgment of the characters from what they have been shown or given hints to by the author and from this we get the idea that both Jane Fairfax and Mrs. Elton seem like (2) exaggerated characters of Emma's personality. Emma's relationship with the male members of society differs from the personality of the male; for example when she is in the presence of Frank Churchill, Emma tends to act flirtatious and possessive therefore gives an immediate impression that she feels insecure and thinks that Frank is only there for her amusement (reference to this is in Chapter 43, page 361) As we read more about the different occasions Emma spends with Frank we assume Emma to fall in love with Frank and marry â€Å"if I find him conversable, I shall be glad of his acquaintance; but if he is only chattering coxcombi he will not occupy much of my time or thoughts.† After being around Frank Churchill Emma develops a judgmental streak in her personality as she becomes almost fanatical with looks and appearance (Chapter 18) the similarities between Frank and Emma is that they are both appearing to be critical on appearance because at a degree Frank also cares about looks (Chapter 23) Frank is flirting with Emma and flattering her. Emma likes to be around Frank when he is flattering her as it is more adult, (Chapter 43). At this point we sort of like Frank but wonder if he is false. The remarks he makes when complimenting characters does he truly mean them or is he just saying them to improve him-self and to make others like him. â€Å"Miss Woodhouse you have the art of giving pictures in a few words. Exquisite quite exquisite.† By giving the readers these certain hints it means that Austin can help trick the readers into believing that Frank is Emma's match for they are socially equal it is a far gone conclusion before he even enters the novel. (I.e. they are both socially and financially equal as well as being at a similar age). The conversation's between Emma and Frank shows Emma to be slightly immature and prone to speak her mind as opposed to when she is in the company of Mr. Knightly. Frank Churchill is a â€Å"dashing young hero† this makes him sounds a bit ruthless and insubstantial. However, Emma's relationship with Mr. Knightly is different the impression of Mr. Knightly is that he is a perfect hero, The two quotes that have been mentioned above clearly states that Frank Churchill is shown to be vain, whereas Mr. Knightly comes across as not. Mr. Knightly is virtually never wrong, as he shows clarity and insight in judging Emma as well as other characters. To us as a reader we feel we can trust and respect him for his thoughts and opinions. In (Chapter 8) we see Emma to be showing her faults as she takes criticism from Mr. Knightly. From my opinion by Emma becoming aware of her faults she can rectify them and therefore become a better person. But in Chapter 43 we see Mr. Knightly giving opinions and not criticism he is honest and admits to not liking Frank Churchill to which the readers of Austin and today's society would respect, however when Emma admitted to not liking Miss Bates, she was frowned upon because Miss Bates character was portrayed as old and pathetic. When Mr. knightly is dancing with Harriet, he is trying to almost prove to Emma that he would do any thing for her but I doubt the readers would pick this little hint up as they fell its an act of kindness. We also read a different persons opinion of frank Churchill's character â€Å"Mr. knightly who for some reason had taken an early dislike to Mr. Churchill.† It's as if by reading this quote that the author is patronizing and suggests that frank is harmless for the way which he shows kindness is through flattery. Austen is demonstrating irony. The irony in Emma's belief that she is the centre of everyone's intrigues when she is in fact blind to her own feelings she has of Mr. knightly. I think as a reader I would say I much rather prefer Emma's character when she is in the presence of Mr. knightly as she more grown up by realising her mistakes and able to take criticism in chapter 8 but when in the company of frank Churchill Emma is somewhat childish and more prone to speak her mind in chapter 43, she is inclined to feel jealous as she is of Jane Fairfax when invited to the Coles party in chapter 25. Emma's relationship with her father, he is overprotective of her â€Å"affectionate and indulgent father.† But they are very close to one another for when the readers are told about the proposal of Mr knightly to Emma she has trouble to say yes as she wishes to remain near to her father and live near to him in chapter 50. Emma is selfless in relation to her father. The connection with Emma and miss bates the harmless spinster who is the aunt of Jane Fairfax. She is sweet and tempered but tedious due to incessant chatter. In chapter 43 the readers see another side to Emma as she acts unkindly towards miss bates. It illustrates to us that Emma doesn't think before acting but later regrets the things which she has said. Yet the reader can't clarify whether Emma apologises for herself of Mr knightly. We are shown the extent of Emma being headstrong we therefore feel sympathy for miss bates but can see how she can be intensively annoying because of the narrative style. Although in Austen's period when women were not allowed to speak out of tone publicly but the character of Emma is shown otherwise, I feel in a way that I respect Emma more and she is presented to the readers that she is ahead of her time. Emma reflects the values of Augustan society which was written 100 years before the novel was written. In the 19th century at the time when Austen was writing there had been a huge change in social structures. New money was beginning to make its mark and more people were becoming rich. It's this that Austen satirises this least confident and most pompous part of society. Mr knightly and Mr Woodhouse are substantial landowners. The ‘new rich people' now associate themselves with the historical landowners and its because they have only just come into money that Emma is distasteful towards them but Emma clings to established ideas as and when it suits her; She accepts Harriet of whom a financial background is a mystery where as she isn't fond of the Coles. â€Å"The Coles were respectable in their way, but they ought to be taught that it was not for them to arrange the terms on which the superior families would visit them.† From a modern perspective I would see this as snobbery and for me puts Emma in a bad light whereas in Austen's point in time it may have the opposite effect for they would see Emma as obeying the society rules. I gather that Emma would have the satisfaction in dismissing the invitation but hearing of others going and wanting to be the centre of attention she partakes, this idea relates to my point I made about clinging to traditional designs when it suits her. Harriet smith is seen as Emma's project and a â€Å"lady of unknown birth.† She is more in charge of her heart then Emma. Throughout the novel the readers can clearly see that both Emma and Harriet are close friends; Emma is very considerate of Harriet and loyal. In chapter 7 Emma influences Harriet on rejecting Mr Martin's proposal because Emma fears for Harriet's financial situation when marrying Mr Martin. This could be seen in two different ways as it shows emma trying to good friend as she thinks of Harriet's future however some readers may think this hypocritical of Emma; after reading the book and looking back at this point once Emma has declared she will marry for love and not money but advises Harriet to marry for money and not love. Austen is trying to comment on a society interested in social structures not values and personality. With mrs Elton she marries for money even though she is quite wealthy whereas mr martin who doesn't seem to care about the social structu res or the social statuses involved he wishes to marry for love. Emma has many flaws and weaknesses and suffers from humility (chapter 43, criticism from mr knightly) and self knowledge both of which she lacks at first but through the novel she gains in her journey in adulthood. One of her weaknesses is that she manipulative in chapter 7 on influencing harriets decision but could be seen as caring for harriets future. She is shown to be thoughtless towards miss bates but might be turned into emma being headstrong and not following a trend with others. I generally think emmas character means well in what she does throughout the novel. I see emma as a genuine character because she has flaws in her personality which are resolved but because they are I don't find her as interesting in towards the end of the novel. From a person of 100 years ago when the book was written I would say that they would've have liked emmas character because of her flaws and the way they are displayed to the reader.

Marketing Mini Stories

Several years ago I had a friend who worked for a Hilton hotel. At the time, fitness and low calorie or high protein meals were popular trends and a concern of travelers. Hilton, as well as other hotel chains, produced a marketing concept to address the needs of guests traveling for business by ensuring that each franchise provided a â€Å"fitness kit† which could be delivered up to a guestroom. Developed by Bally Total Fitness, it contained a yoga mat, hand weights, and an exercise band. Or, if the guest requested it, a treadmill could be delivered for use in the guestroom. The food & beverage outlets in each franchise hotel also had to undergo a change of menu to accommodate this marketing concept. The Hilton Eat Right program required low-fat and low-calorie meals such as seared tuna with a salad be added to the menu. My friend wasn’t too happy about having to provide these extra services, but guests of the hotel seemed to like it. I ate dinner in a rather upscale restaurant recently. Since I’ve worked in a restaurant before, I tend to notice the little things on the table that other patrons might ignore. At this restaurant, the table was set with linen napkins, and nice silverware, the usual condiments, etc. and in the middle of the table was a tent card advertising the â€Å"wine of the month†, which was a Kendall-Jackson Chardonnay. Knowing how distribution channels in the food & beverage industry work, I immediately surmsied the tent card was the result of promotions from a marketing intermediary. The alcohol wholesaler buys directly from the manufacturer, such as Kendall-Jackson, and then markets the product to the retailer, in this case the restaurant. The restaurant itself was also functioning as a marketing intermediary by placing the tent cards on the table and incentivizing servers to offer their â€Å"wine of the month†, which was probably purchased at a reduced price. The last time I moved to a new house, some of the items I needed to consider buying were cable television, telephone service and the access to the Internet through an Internet service provider. While my choice of company was limited, I realized that all companies advertising such items had begun to take a systems selling approach to offering packaged services. For instance, Qwest, traditionally known as the provider of telephone service, has branched out to include Internet access as well as teamed up with DirecTV for satellite television service. By using systems selling, Qwest has greatly increased its income potential. By partnering with DirecTV, Qwest does not need to produce the components for satellite television themselves, but can rely on its partner for inventory control and production. Since most customers wish to purchase all these items, especially when moving to a new location, the decision to package them all together makes perfect sense and the bundled price appealed to me. My friend that worked at the Hilton hotel made me aware of a fact I previously didn’t know – hotels continually use marketing segmentation to keep their guestrooms full. After being informed of this approach, it made shopping for a hotel room for my last vacation a different sort of venture. Knowing that a resort hotel targets one market – leisure travelers – on the weekend and another market – business travelers – during the week when occupancy levels are lower, I opted to plan my vacation over the course of a week rather than choose a weekend stay, when rates would be higher. By using marketing segmentation, most hotels offers specific packages aimed at each different market. The resort hotel I chose last spring had a special midweek package consisting of the guestroom plus breakfast and two tickets to a local amusement park at an attractive price. By targeting my market segment of leisure travel during days when the hotel typically wouldn’t be full, the hotel was able to gain revenue not normally expected. When it comes to brand, McDonald’s has this concept firmly in place. A friend and I went to McDonald’s just last week to buy a quick lunch and we were inundated with their brand, image, and logo. The golden arches outside the place themselves are part of the brand and this symbol appears on everything – from the hamburger wrapper of the Big Mac I ordered, to the cup holding my soft drink, to the menu displayed behind the order counter. As well, brand is incorporated in more subtle ways. The colors of yellow and red are seen throughout and many of the shapes inside the restaurant – from the seating to the kid’s play area – are reminiscent of an â€Å"m†. After leaving McDonald’s we stopped at a Dairy Queen to order ice cream for dessert. Walking into that restaurant made me even more aware of how pervasive McDonald’s brand presence is; there is no way McDonald’s products could be mistaken for those at Dairy Queen. That same upscale restaurant I’d eaten dinner in recently had a section reserved for bar patrons. Since there was a bit of wait before my friend and I could be seated, we passed the time at the bar having a beer and munching on a snack mix in a bowl on the table. It was really very tasty – a mix of crunchy squares and peanuts and spicy sesame pieces. I inquired of the bartender where I could purchase the same mix being served in the restaurant and he replied that it was available only wholesale. If I wanted to buy some of the snack mix for myself, I would have to find someone who worked for a wholesaler to order it for me as it was not an item I could buy in a retail store. Of course this made sense – why would I want to return to the bar and sit there to munch on the snack mix if I could buy it and eat in the privacy of my own home? Some time ago, I realized the value of public relations. As a consumer, it’s sometimes not enough incentive to patronize a company that offers good products at a low price; sometimes it is also how the company responds to bad press that influences my buying decision. At the time I was living in a town with a Wal-Mart and not much else in the way of available stores. There was a story I’d read in the newspaper regarding a customer of the local Wal-Mart who had gone into a rest room at the store and not come back out several hours later. The customer’s wife was frantic with worry and she contacted the store to help her locate her husband. The man was found, dead as the result of complications from a medical condition, in the rest room stall after a search was performed. However, it was the direct result of Wal-Mart’s ineffective public relations department that caused further problems as they refused to take any responsibility or even offer an apology to the customer’s wife for the incident. Because Wal-Mart doesn’t present a caring attitude towards their customers, I will think twice before shopping there again. E-marketing is big business these days. I happen to know an author who broke into the writing business as a result of her book being contracted with an e-publisher. Because she gets excited by this opportunity, I’ve often listened to her ideas for promotion, which include a great deal of e-marketing. According to my friend, these days, an author does not need to go to a bookstore and set up a book signing to promote her book, instead she can schedule a â€Å"virtual book tour† in which she makes appearances on several blog sites and answers questions about her and the book. Another form of e-marketing she uses is to be involved with readers’ forums whereby she can promote her book by posting online excerpts and talking it up with readers. This type of marketing can also include personal pages on websites such as My Space and Facebook and results in the ability to market from her own home. My mother is a big collector of Coca-Cola products. Her kitchen is filled with items bearing the Coca-Cola logo, in all its various forms – from dish towels to plates to banks, clocks, playing cards, etc. While some of the items are antiques, many of them were bought brand new from retail stores. It was when I was shopping for a Christmas present for my mother that I became aware of just how widely Coca-Cola products are licensed. Gibson is one manufacturer that is licensed to produce dishes and kitchen ware bearing the Coca-Cola logo, while additional companies are also allowed to produce different items, such as straw dispensers and napkin holders, with the distinctive colors and logo. Through this wide distribution of licensing agreements, Coca-Cola has certainly increased revenues incrementally. I watched the Super Bowl this year with a group of friends. Although I wasn’t particularly interested in either team playing, I was interested in the advertising during commercial breaks. Having previously read some of the buzz surrounding the company Go Daddy, I was aware of its past troubles producing a commercial which would appease the television censors. Go Daddy’s approach this year was an excellent example of innovative marketing. Not only does the company depend on the buzz from its commercials not being accepted by the censor boards, it decided this year to post the rejected commercial on its website. The Super Bowl commercial itself was cheaply produced and directed watchers to log on to the Go Daddy website where they could watch the commercial that didn’t make it to air time. This truly innovative marketing approach was so successful that it contributed to the down time of Internet services during the Super Bowl as consumers rushed to the website to view the commercial.

Nursing and media

There has been a big interest in the study of popular images of nurses and nursing. Writers have been focused on images of nurses on television, in cinema, in news coverage, and elsewhere. Most of the time, public beliefs of the nursing are shaped by the Images people see on TV. The Stereotypical view of nurses as working only In acute-care, high technology area often portrayed In the media makes It very difficult to provide the different view of nurses working within the community. In reality, stereotypical views of nursing have a negative impact even on nurses who practice in acute care hospitals.Not too many understand that the nurse is there to save patients lives . Most of public see nurses as sweet, kind, attentive and willing to talk, but not especially critical to the effort to rescue them from medical errors and injuries. (Derbyshire & Gordon, n. D. ) We can see fictional portrayals of nurses, for instance â€Å"Scrubs† sitcom. The show character nurse Carla. She is o ften portrayed as strong and competent. She is the only major character on this show I would describe as normal. In one of the episodes a surgeon comments â€Å"Idiot can be a nurse†, and of course, the show instantly hasCarla express her disagreement, but It does not disapprove what a surgeon has said. The other show, Grey s Anatomy portrays nurses In offensive way most of the time. I don't see much respect doctor†enter to the nurses, they don't call them by their names, they yell â€Å"Nurse! † At the end, the hospital finally gave nurses the upper hand. â€Å"Nursing has become more complex in ways that could not have been imaging a generation ago. Nursing and Media Some people may view nursing differently then others. Some may view nursing as negative and some positive. This perception may actually be due to the way the media depicts nursing. One television show or movie may portray the nursing image as loving and caring, where another may portray the image as incompetent or unpleasant. There has been much research conducted over time on the portrayal of nursing in the media and the impact it has on the public’s view. Some research says the public views nursing positively despite the media, while others say the media has a very negative impact on nursing.Whether the media depicts nursing as good or bad, or can influence the public’s views, it is up to the nurses themselves to be aware of their own behaviors and portray nursing positively in real life. People may know the name Florence Nightingale. Nightingale was a nurse seen as an angel due to her work during the Crimean War and is known as the founder of modern nursing. Her imag e embodies the caring fundamentals of nursing. Today, many people may know the name Nurse Jackie – a nurse on a television show portrayed quite differently than Nightingale.Nurse Jackie is seen as a strong-willed nurse who needs the help of narcotics to make it through her day, which is much different from Nightingale’s angelic image. This portrayal raises the question of whether people realize that television shows are fictional and the portrayal of nurses is a dramatic effect and done purely for ratings. Some research has been done to study the affect the media may have on nursing. Peter Buerhaus, PhD, RN conducted a study in 2007 and found that despite less-than-authentic portrayals of nurses on some television shows, the media positively influences public perceptions (Howell, 2010).However, some say that the negative portrayal of nursing in the media actually does influence the public’s perception negatively. Marie Quimba, director of professional studies at Grand Canyon in Phoenix, AZ says that many people, especially the less educated and younger population, are influenced by negative imagery in the media (Muehlauer, 2012). There was also a study conducted by David Stanley who is a senior lecturer in the School of Nursing and Midwifery at the Curtin University of Technology in Perth, Australia.The study analyzed the stereotypes on television and found that misrepresentations on television are likely to have a profound effect on the public’s perception. Television brings characters into the living room and the viewer is more likely to associate it with reality (Howell, 2010). If the media does affect the public’s image of nursing in a negative way then the question is raised about how the nursing profession can change the public’s perception of nursing.One thing that the nursing profession can do is to get involved in the media and give feedback and input. Cindy Saver, president of CLS Development, Inc. and a regi stered nurse says that nurses must get involved and have a voice to convey their opinions and desires. Saver also recommends that nurses e-mail and write letters to television producers and contact companies that advertise during certain nurse-oriented programs to voice their pleasure or displeasure (Howell, 2010). Other suggestions include portraying nurses more positively in the media.Recently, Johnson & Johnson conducted an advertising campaign concerning nurses and the nursing profession. One of the Johnson & Johnson ads shows a male nurse singing with a pediatric patient during chemotherapy treatment. These television commercials portray nursing in a positive light. They give nurses much well deserved admiration and may help in having a positive impact on the image of nursing. Other positive portrayals come from media sources such as news stories about nurses assisting during disasters, such as in hurricanes and tornadoes.The media is bound to continue to portray the nursing pr ofession negatively for the purpose of ratings; however, the public’s perception of nurses is a combination of what they see in the media and their real life experience. It is, therefore, incumbent on nurses to both affect media portrayal through letter writing campaigns and also to be aware of their own behaviors and how they portray themselves to the public in their everyday life.

Databases and Database Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Databases and Database Systems - Essay Example A database management system is a collection of programs that enables the user to create and maintain a database. In the Database Management System (DBMS), sharing a database allows multiple users and programs to access the database concurrently. Other important functions provided by the DBMS include protecting the database and maintaining it over a long period of time. Protection includes both system protections against hardware or software malfunction (or Crashes) and security protection against unauthorized or malicious access. A database typically has many uses, each of which may require a different perspective or view of the database. A multi-user DBMS, as its name implies, must allow multiple users to access the database at some time. This is essential if data for multiple applications to be integrated and maintained in a single database. The DBMS must include concurrency control software to ensure that several users trying to update the same data do so in a controlled manner s o that the result of updates is correct. These types of applications are generally called online transaction processing applications. A fundamental role of multi-users DBMS software is to ensure that concurrent transactions operate correctly. The concept of a transaction has become central to many database applications. A transaction is an executing program or process that includes one or more database accesses, such as reading or updating database records. Each transaction is supposed to execute logically correct database access is executed in its entirety without interference from other transaction. The DBMS must enforce several transaction properties. The isolation property ensures that each transaction appears to execute in isolation from other transactions, even though a hundred of the transaction may be executing concurrently. When multiple users share a large database, it is likely that most users with not be authorized to access all the information in the database. In additi on, some users may be permitted only to retrieve data whereas others are allowed both to retrieve and update. Hence, the type of access operation must also be controlled. A DBMS should provide a security and authorization subsystem. As we know, multiple users can access databases and use computer systems simultaneously because of the concept of multiprogramming. In this concurrent process, execution of processes is actually interleaved and most of the theory concerning concurrency control in a database is developed in terms of interleaved concurrency. In a multi-users DBMS, the stored data items are the primary resources that may be accessed concurrently by interactive users or application programs, which are constantly retrieving information and modifying the database. In this process, concurrency control is very much needed to avoid a certain type of problems. Concurrency control and recovery mechanisms are mainly concerned with the database access commands in a transaction. Trans action submitted by the various users may execute concurrently and may access and update the same database items. If this concurrent execution is uncontrolled it may lead to problems such as an inconsistent database, the lost update problem, and temporary update problem. Transaction failure may occur due to integer overflow or division by zero or erroneous parameter  values or logical programming errors.

COPD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

COPD - Essay Example The diagnosis of the last visit was emphysema that was ruled out from the X-Ray report that indicated an increased AP diameter and hyperinflation of both lungs. However, the patient rejected the endorsed pulmonary function trials and did not want to be admitted in the hospital. She was discharged, and the doctor prescribed antibiotics and inhaler as treatment to enhance her condition. To conclude that the patient suffered from emphysema, it was necessary to carry out the chest X-ray (Cohn & Brower, 2012). The results showed hyperinflation of both lungs that had an enlarged AP diameter. Based on the patient’s complaints the diagnosis of dyspnea and cough is made. For further analysis, pneumonia is a likely illness because of the high fevers of 101 degrees, hence a need to carry out the appropriate tests. In addition, on percussion of her chest a dullness sound was heard which is an indication of pneumonia. In order to confirm the COPD diagnosis and measure the severity of the obstruction, other diagnostic trial, for instance, spirometry is critical (Lam, 2014). On the other hand, the laboratory tests include ÃŽ ±l-antitrypsin and hemoglobin/hematocrit levels. Lack of ÃŽ ±l-antitrypsin is a risk factor for OCPD and the hemoglobin/hematocrit levels determine the extent of hypoxemia. It is also crucial to consider sleeplessness as a diagnosis since the patient suffers from orthopnea. I gained further understanding that COPD consists of emphysema and bronchitis. I also gained insight on the difference between COPD, asthma and pneumonia. In addition, I gained knowledge on the significance of adherence to recommended treatment and physical exercise to limit the continuation of COPD. I also comprehended the different levels of COPD and that taking a balanced diet is paramount in minimizing exacerbations. Moreover, it is important to receive pneumonia vaccines in every five years as well as influenza vaccine annually to avoid

The Role of Leaders in Harnessing the Individual Qualities of Members Research Paper

The Role of Leaders in Harnessing the Individual Qualities of Members on a Team - Research Paper Example Motivation has been explained to be a reactive mechanism to a reinforcement that people receive in a workplace context (Kerzner, 2003). This means that motivation is a way that people respond to reinforcement to give off their best at work. Motivation, therefore, needs to be triggered by something. In most organizational settings, the word motivation is used to refer to the desire that people should have to put up their best to ensure improved productivity. A worker who is result oriented and normally seen to be on top of his or her job and delivering up to expectation or beyond is therefore seen to be a highly motivated person. It is in this direction that Cherry (2011) explains that â€Å"motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviours.† From her definition, it can be seen that motivation actually sets the pace for success as it initiatives goal-oriented behaviours. Motivation also serves as roadmap or yardstick to success a s it guides goal-oriented behaviours. Motivation also acts as an agent of preservation of success as it maintains goal-oriented behaviours. The absence of motivation is, therefore, tantamount to haphazardness at the workplace as it eliminates clear cut focus and goal-oriented behaviour from the organisation. All organisation and institutions are set up with a basic principle of achieving something positive. It is in line with this that there are often mission statements and vision statements for all well-meaning organisations. But in order to achieve the overall mission or vision set by any given organisation, it is very important that a series of projects and tasks are delivered.

Enterprise Resource Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Enterprise Resource Planning - Research Paper Example When one is reactive, one probably loses an opportunity that existed and may never get the opportunity again. Being proactive means putting in place systems that will help the business to have the checks and balances of what is needed at any predetermined time (Sheilds 2001). If one has to excel, it means that one has to be ahead of the competitors because the moment your competitors are ahead of you, one simply reacts to the demands of the consumers. In order to be proactive, one has to manage all organization’s resources very effectively and efficiently. Management means being able to be in control. The aim of this paper is to outline the benefits that come with master production scheduling (MPS) and material resource planning (RPF) as a function of Enterprise resource planning (ERS). This will be done by describing the function of Enterprise resource planning and the role of master production scheduling and material resource planning (Sheilds 2001). ... Later on ERP became an integrated system that addressed all the core functions of an enterprise, with the governments and non- profit organizations employing the system (Chang, Symythe and Timbrell 2000). When ERP systems were introduced, their main focus was to automate the functions of the back office. The functions of the back office are activities that did not involve the customers directly. They are referred to as back office activities because those activities took place in the building where other people cannot see those activities going on. Such activities include manufacturing, developing products and administration. The front office functions were integrated later in the ERP system. As opposed to the back office functions, front office functions are directly related to the customer for instance customer relationship management. Master Production Schedule (MPS) A master production schedule (MPS) is a plan that a company develops so a as to plan for production, inventory and staffing. A master production schedules gives the time the product will be demanded and also gives the quantity that will be demanded. It is therefore a plan for future production. An MPS therefore contains a statement of what the firm anticipates to manufacture. For instance, it states the amount to be produced and possibly how much labor is required. It is therefore concerned with elements such as forecast demand, production cost, inventory costs, lead-time and working hours (Sheilds 2001). The MPS translates the business plan into a production plan. Its addresses the concern of demand, hence forecast demand. It helps to avoid shortages,

Personal Perspective Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Perspective Paper - Essay Example Since I faced short timeliness and limited information at hand, I just could satisfice with one good enough solution using my judgmental heuristics. In my daily life, since I am free to make my own choices about the things I do like choosing a picnic point on a vacation, what to eat in a restaurant, which dress to wear, so I do not use this model in general because I do not feel bounded by constraints. The Rational Model I have always wished that I could use this model in my human resources management because I always faced short timeliness which did not enable me to follow the comprehensiveness of this model. However, in my daily life, whenever I face a problem like changing my residence, I have always made use of this model by first identifying the problem; thinking out different solutions; choosing the best possible solution; and, then implementing the solution (Robbins, Judge & Sanghi, 2010, p.44. Thus, I break down my decision-making process into short modules as is offered by t his model and work on each module separately to come to the best solution that is practical and logical both at the same time. This model has helped me in solving as small a problem as finding my lost tie, and as big a problem as solving a dispute with my spouse. Incremental Model I have widely used this model whenever I faced conflicts with my co-employees.

To what extent China's historical period since 1978 still shape Essay

To what extent China's historical period since 1978 still shape China's contemporary society How has this been a constituting milestone to modern development or a hindering handicap - Essay Example The policies undertaken by Deng Xiaoping and the subsequent government were aimed at increasing the investments in the industrial sectors and meeting the demands of the people of the country. The political ideologies of the Communist governments changed since 1978. The historical period since 1978 in China has influenced the development of the contemporary societies. The policies of economic liberalization have stimulated the process of increasing demand in the company. This has increased the level of liquidity and has changed the lifestyle of the people of China. The contemporary societies and the lifestyles have been influenced by the economic reforms of the government since 1978. The policy reforms implemented by the Chinese governments have been a milestone for the modern development of China and its rapid growth in a short span of time. The differences between the economic reforms of China and Russia have also been discussed in this work. The socio-political and economic issues in China are wide ranged and varied and can be identified to be rooted from the vast cultural and political history of China, the different economic reforms implemented in China in the late 1970s and the immense population and its growth in China. China demonstrates a bubble economy and a weak social balance which are combined to make the country an unstable one where a number of social, political and economic issues prevail (Jing, 2001, p.4). China is mainly a communist state where the external environment related to conducting business in the country has several socio=political and economic issues. The environment for conducting business in the country is a challenging and complex environment. The political framework as well as the legal structure in China is highly unstable making it difficult for businesses to establish their operations there. The various economic reforms that have been implemented in the 1970s in China have caused increas ing

Response essay to case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Response to case study - Essay Example When children face sexual or physical abuse at a tender age, it is nevertheless surprising that they may show violent behaviors to their peers (John, 2011). This expository essay seeks to describe, explain and explore a scenario in a society setting where violence is witnessed though a young girl named Ebony. It further compares and discusses problems revolving around the school in question and effects arising. In this case study, Ebony a 14 year old girl is depicted as a morally upright girl who appears innocent and free of blame. This tells much about her back ground and upbringing. From a teacher’s perspective, it is obvious from the case that Ebony hails from background that values morals. She has showed exemplary performance in school which is an indication of high level of discipline. In fact, at her age, it would be difficult to maintain such good performance given that this is a highly precarious moment when most teens are out to discover the world which in turn affects their performance. On the same note, her stature speaks much about herself. She is tall above average for her age and this places her as more mature compared to her peers (Ness, 2010). In fact, it is evident from the case that Ebony is less social and shy. In this respect, it may have been possible that her peers had great expectations from her in the social world. This implies that she might have turned down their offer from time to time. It is possible that, due to her outstanding traits that are different from her average peers, she may have felt totally incompatible with them. In addition, she stands out as ingenious which implies that she has out grown her actual age mentally and she has started to have self discovery making her identify her purpose in life and work towards achieving her goals in life. This is why she is seen as totally different in comparison to her

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 35

Strategic Management - Essay Example Bargaining power of the buyers or customers is also considered as an important factor affecting the operations of the hotel. The customers of Aber Gardens include the Leisure and Business travelers along with guests and customers in need of organizational space settings to conducts events and conferences. The number of customers is high during peak season and at this time; the customers are identified to have high bargaining power. The availability of substitutes is medium to low in nature, as there are very few alternative to Aber Gardens available for the customers (Cheng, 2013). In case of premium segment, the hotel operates in a number of subsidiaries at different locations. Product differentiation is high, as services offered are differentiated from the services provided by competitors. In this respect, the hotel with differentiated products and brand value is able to retain premium customers. Customers exhibit low switching costs and high requirement of capital for making investment in staff development and infrastructural facilities. Respectively, barriers to entry are low for other hotels operating in the area (DÃ ¤lken, 2014). Threat of substitutes is medium, as competitors that include Kimps Hotel Group and Turnover hotels are engaged with similar services that include room service, leisure accommodation and corporate guestrooms. The switching costs are low and the value of substitutes is low, as there are chances of high informal accommodation during peak season (Amrollahi & Akhgar, 2013; Bardis, 2012). Finally, an important factor that can affect the business environment of Aber Gardens is the ‘Degree of rivalry’. The number of competitors is less as Aber Gardens falls in a premium segment, but the attractiveness is high, as Aber Gardens attracts customers based on discounts and quality services.

Different behavioral pattern Essay Example for Free

Different behavioral pattern Essay People from different countries have different behavioral pattern, depending upon their culture, values and ethics. They develop their mannerism from these factors. If we take into account Americans, Japanese, and Saudi Arabian and try and find out how they behave on one particular way, specially when making contact with each other while talking. We can make out amongst them who are who. An American will try and make himself stand at distance he will try to adjust himself at a comfortable position from the person he is talking to at the same time he will try and maintain eye contact. A Japanese may shake hand and stand very close while talking but he usually keep his gaze down, unlike American where his habit of constantly gazing will make you feel as you are been screened. An Arab will like to be at a very close distance from the person he is talking to, may be as close as you can feel his breath, they also like lot of check-to-check social kissing, the Hollywood style. The body language do half the talking, we all know that. But for that, we have to understand cross-cultural differences, like the one stated above in which how the people from three different countries are behaving in a different manner. If we do not understand that then we might make the people we are talking to feel uncomfortable. As an American can make a Japanese uncomfortable with his continuous gaze, and similarly Arab can make American uncomfortable with his closeness. In some South American and Mediterranean societies eye contact, touching and smiling and standing at a foot distance is preferred style of communication where on the other hand in Northern Europe, a lingering gaze may feel invasive, manipulative or disgraceful, they chat at a distance of two and a half feet. If we look at Estonians, they are non-contact people. On the other hand, Russians are high contact people. So the reaction for each other is like, Russian feels Estonians are cold and Estonians feels Russians are pushy. Caucasians feels averting eye contact may be a gesture to hide misbehavior, where for Asian it’s a sign of respect. An American will suspect an unknown person who took a elevator with him and tries to smile and stand at a very close distance, where usually he would have taken another corner and gazed in space. Thus a very suspicious feeling for such person will arise. It is mostly seen this kind of behaviour from a criminal or from the patients of schizophrenia where he approaches and get closer to the other person more than usual. Be very sure the closer you let your stranger to be the more vulnerable you become. The spatial differences amongst cultures points more than self-protection. In Middle East people get the information about the strangers by their sense of smell and touch, which requires close approach. Americans, rely on visual information, therefore, they don’t need to be so close to the subject. They rather step back and see an intelligent whole picture of the person. Conversational distance tell us the about the standard greeting distance in each culture. The need for more or less space means something of the cultural temperament. There is gender difference also other than country difference. A woman seems to have more eye contact than men. Also a woman feel neglected if this conversational distance is too much. They feel that the partner is indifferent. With the businesses growing global a need for a new breed of consultants has immerged, who interpret to these globe-trotters of all nationalities the meaning and use of personal space. There are special classes also for this kind of cultural behaviour, which will be a great help to understand each other.

Health and Safety in a Childcare Setting

Health and Safety in a Childcare Setting Analyse the working practices that need to be in place in the nursery setting to ensure that children are protected. In every nursery setting there should be a practiced working pattern and a setting. For example there should be practise of food hygiene, safeguarding and health and safety. These are very important because children will be on the safe side. Health and safety In this case the managers and staff should make sure that health and safety checks are carried out as required. In case of an accident failure to check equipment have serious connections. Staff and children should know which areas of the building they have access for. The general environment should be clean and safe for example, all COSHH equipment used should be kept in a locked cupboard. Food Hygiene- when giving children food, one should check the expiring dates and check the expiring dates and check the temperatures of the fridges and freezers. Adequate welfare facilities should be available for health and safety. It is important to put on protective clothes especially when you are cleaning the toilets always wear gloves. A t nursery should consider safeguarding on children. This is whereby staff should know who is going to drop and pick children, also nursery main doors should always be locked, handles should be fitted where children can't reach, and CCTV should be at the nursery always because of abuse. Staff should be trained how to give children medication. Also check the risk assessment of the provision that the safeguarding policy and plans work. The gate should always be shut, and use password to open the gate and doors. For toddlers should use small gates. Always lock the confidential information in a lockable cupboard and only management or responsibly person should have access to the keys. Confidentiality is very important. The other thing which need to be considered at nursery is food hygiene, in this case staff should check the expiring date of the food and check the temperatures of the fridge and the freezer, and always cover the food when it is open and put a date when the food has b een opened. Tinned food should be eaten and finished once they are opened. Always wash your hands before you touch food. Clean the tables before and after serving the food. As staff should know which food is suitable for each and every child (Allergy). Always clean the dishes after every meal and dry them and put them away. Fruits should be washed before you eat. Should teach children how to wash hands after visiting the toilet. Also staff should cook food properly with correct cooking temperature. With all these aspects I think the nursery will run smoothly. 2. Explain the various health and safety requirements that are necessary for children attending the setting and describe the ways in which these health and safety requirements need to be adopted to cater for differing age groups. Health and safety in the nursery environment requires adoption for each different age groups of children that are catered for. In the nursery staff should be very careful with sharp objects like knives, forks and razor blades, because these objects can harm children. Therefore should always put them away as soon as you finish using them. Toys should be put back in their irrespective boxes, some toys are sharp so as staff you must be there to keep an eye when children are playing with toys. Select toys which are suitable to each age group. All substances should be locked up in the cupboards. COSHH control of substance hazardous to health. What might you see in the nursery covered by COSHH is cleaning equipment, chemical sharp objects. Make sure children are supervised when they are doing activities. Staff should clean the floors using chemicals which are not dangerous, but should use like Dettol and antibacterial cream. Make sure the floor is dry enough so that children won't fal l down. After serving the food take away knives and out them were they cannot reach. When sharpening the pencils staff should be very careful because some children can be affected with the dust which comes from the pencils. Make sure all plug sockets are covered because when children touched they will be in danger. Windows should be secured because children will be tempted to climb through them. Kitchen and office areas should have safety gates which remain locked to prevent access to dangerous areas. Doors should contain filled safety guards to prevent children from trapping their fingers. With toys always lock the boxes and cupboards should close the toilet and bathroom doors. 3. Evaluate the procedures required to cover good hygiene and explain how this should be implemented in the nursery setting. This can be presented within a table. There are many procedures required to cover good and hygiene of which am going to write some of them in form of a table. Good hygiene How to implement Washing hands before or after food Make sure sinks are reachable by children Washing hands after visiting the toilet. Flush the toilet after you use it. Toilets and chambers should be of small size , so that children will be able to reach Children should dry their hands after using the toilet. There should be paper towels in the bathroom always. Disposal of nappies and waste Make sure there is correct bins to dispose them eg waste yellow lockable bins. Cleaning or clearing of plates after eating Reachable tables for children Always wash hands before preparing food using soap Make sure the children are prompted to do this by teachers Wash fruits before you eat Make sure the teachers teach children about hygiene and prompt them to do so. Clean the floors Use correct mops to clean floors like blue mops for corridors, green mops for kitchen and red mops for bathrooms. Cut the meat and the vegetables on boards Use the right boards e.g. for meat use red board, for vegetables use green boards. Bread use white board. Cleaning the wounds Make sure teachers follow the proper and correct first aid rules and all the accidents are recorded in the accident book. Making the mattress and beds for children Make sure the use clean linen and make sure that all spoiled linen are washed correctly like separated from non spoiled lined and correct washing temperature like Sluice program in the washing machine. 4. Identify and describe what should be included in a first aid kit for a nursery and discuss why paediatric first aid training for nursery staff is important In every nursery there should be a first aid kit , in the kit it includes 20 adhesive dressings, plasters in assorted sizes, six medium sterile ,two large sterile dressing , one sterile eye pod, six triangular bandages, six safety pins, disposable gloves , two roller bandages , a pair of scissors, alcohol-free wound cleansing wipes , adhesive tape, plastic face shield or pocket mask, notepad and pencil alcohol gel, other useful items blankets survival bag, torch whistle warning triangle and high visibility jacket to keep in the nursery. We should have these things in the nurseries because it will help the staff to cater for the first aid needs of the children attending the nursery before they go to hospital for example when children had wounds staff should use gauze pads as swabs to clean around wounds. Use adhesive tape to secure dressings or the loose ends of bandages, staff should notice that if the children are allergic to the adhesive tape can use a hypoallergenic tape. Always wear gloves whenever you dress wounds or when you handle body fluids or other waste materials, use latex-free gloves because some people are allergic to latex. The gloves are necessary for staff to wear when you are dealing with any body fluids; this is to control the cross contamination and good hygiene. Bandages are used to give support to injured joint secure dressings in place maintain pressure on wounds and limit swelling. Pins and clips are used to secure the ends of bandages.They are some useful items which include kitchen film or clean plastic bags can be used to dress burns and scalds. Non-stick dressings can be kept for larger wounds, keep alcohol, gel to clean your hands when no water is available. To prevent cold injuries always wrap on ice pack in a cloth do not leave it on for more than 10 minutes. Scissors should be used to cut bandages. It is important for staff to be first aid trained for the need to know exactly what to do in an emergency whether they are alone or with other members of the staff. So by staff undertaking paediatric first aid course they will have a peace of mind of knowing that they have the knowledge and skills to tackle a medical emergency. Staff who have had first aid training are trained how to attend to children when they collapsed or when they cut themselves using sharp objects. Also staff will be trained how to cope with stressful and physically demanding procedures. First aid certificates should be renewed every 3 years. From the completion date of the previous qualification . In nursery setting paediatric first aid qualification satisfies ousted requirements. First aid certificates are required to be checked by Ofsted during an inspection and will need to be produced for all trained first aiders.

Student Essay -- essays research papers

The current advertising for Target’s CE department is not helping sales. In fact in some cases, it may be hurting sales. This section will address Target’s current advertising strategy and the problems associated with it. Then alternative methods of promoting Target as a credible CE department with large variety of products will be proposed. Target’s commercials are currently showing clips of music videos for approximately 20 seconds, followed by less than a 10 second advertisement announcing that Target carries that particular artist’s CD. This advertisement may be hurting your CE sales. The viewer is made aware of this popular artist’s recent album release, and the consumer’s first thought is not who is carrying it, but which retailer is closest him/her because that popular artist will be sold everywhere. This is ineffective advertisement. Another Target commercial flashes a multitude of Target trademark symbols, a few CE products, current selection of seasonal clothes, and our current spokes dog. This commercial is also ineffective. This current advertisement strategy does not give the viewer something to focus on, and it does not create a need to buy products from Target. Instead, it is advertising on behalf of all major retailers. It is essential that Target starts advertising Target, not just the products it carries. Commercial advertisements need to stress customer service, product variety, and product quality. The first step is finding a representative for commerc...

Aristotle :: essays research papers fc

Research Paper: Aristotle   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aristotle (b. 384 - d. 322 BC), was a Greek philosopher, logician, and scientist. Along with his teacher Plato, Aristotle is generally regarded as one of the most influential ancient thinkers in a number of philosophical fields, including political theory. Aristotle’s’ writing reflects his time, background and beliefs.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aristotle was born at Stagira, in Macedonia. His father, Nichomacus, was the personal physician to the King of Macedonia, Amyntas. At the age of seventeen, Aristotle left for Athens to study at Plato’s Academy. He studied at the Academy for about twenty years, up until Plato’s death. Plato’s death sent Aristotle to a city in Asia Minor, called Assos, where his friend, Hermias was ruler(Encarta). It was in Assos where Aristotle met, Pythias, who is described as either a niece or daughter of Hermias, who Aristotle married after the murder of Hermias, by the Persians. Aristotle then went to Pella, the capitol of Macedonia, where he became the tutor for the king’s son, Alexander, who later became Alexander the Great. When Alexander became King, Aristotle went to Athens where he began to lecture at the Lyceum. He lectured while walking about in one of its covered walkways, earning him the nickname Peripatetic†, which means walking about.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aristotle lectured and directed the Lyceum for twelve years, producing during this time the lecture notes which now form his works. Only a small amount of Aristotle’s works have survived. The writings which did survive like: â€Å"Metaphysics,.† which were his writings on the nature, scope, and properties of being; and â€Å"Physics,† his writings on astronomy, meteorology, plants, and animals, these writings have changed the way we think and live. Aristotle’s works encompassed all the major areas of thought: logic, science, metaphysics, ethics, and politics. He developed a new, non-Platonic theory of form, created a system of deductive reasoning for universal and existential statements, produced a theory of the cosmos, matter, life, and mind, and theorized about the relationship between ethics and politics and the nature of the good life(Young Students Encyclopedia). His system rival Plato’s for the next 2000 years.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aristotle was a firm believer that philosophy came from wonder, and that knowledge came from experience. He had a wealth of knowledge, from many experience; if he was correct about philosophy coming from wonder, he would have had to wonder quite a bit. Aristotle was a genius, this is evident in his writings, because the ideas and concepts he proposed in his writing were ahead of his time. Aristotle learned from the best and taught the best so his ideas and thoughts were always being challenged, which made him thrive for knowledge. Aristotle is consider to be the one of best if

If I Cant Have Her, No One Can :: essays research papers

Most people, when forced to give up the one thing they truly love, would rather see it be destroyed than in the hands of another person. In “Old Woman Magoun,'; by Mary E. Wilkins Freeman, the old woman is in that position. She is burdened with relinquishing custody of her granddaughter, Lily, to the child’s father. Throughout the story, the old woman faces an inner struggle over caring for and, ultimately, losing her granddaughter. She deals with her struggle in a very realistic, human response.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Old Woman Magoun is a woman who refuses to be disobeyed or disagreed with. She has a peculiar command over all those in her company. “No one had dared openly gainsay the old woman'; (Freeman, 362). The only person she cannot make “visibly cower'; (361) is Nelson Barry, Lily’s father. He is the only one that shows any disregard towards the old woman. Old Woman Magoun and Nelson Barry never agree with each other in any way. The old woman has been especially cautious of Barry ever since her daughter died and she had to take care of Lily. After an undesired and unforeseen encounter between the girl and Barry, the old woman is informed that she must hand over the girl. Feeling helpless and having no control over the situation, she feels forced to make a major decision to prevent the young girl from, what she feels, would be a grave predicament.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Old Woman Magoun most likely feels responsible for Lily’s situation and her own daughter’s demise and has learned to fear men as a result of it. She fears the girl’s father because he represents the part of herself that she cannot control, Lily. She has no choice but to give up her granddaughter and she cannot bear to lose her to the man she despises, Nelson Barry. Facing the reality of losing Lily is more than the old woman is readily prepared for. In many of her stories, Freeman “invests the women with power and yet simultaneously limits their power'; (http://www.georgetown.edu/libraries/ 2). Old Woman Magoun has a mysterious command over people, but it doesn’t help her when it comes to keeping Lily. She still has to relinquish her control over the child and she has no power to change the circumstances. Freeman makes the old woman suffer the “realities of nineteenth-century New England'; (2). These realities are that a woman must abide by her socially defined and accepted role and if she does not abide, she will suffer the consequences that result.

Concepts in Brave New World

10/11/12 Journal Entry #5: HTRLLAP Concepts The concept of â€Å"vampires† is present in Brave New World because the men and women don’t respect each other in the area of romance. Men like Henry Foster just use girls like Lenina for sex. But having sex with multiple people is socially accepted in the World State. In Brave New World, symbolic vampirism is used because the men and women use each other to get what they want which is sex. They do not care about what the other person wants.An example is Lenina trying to seduce John, when he makes it clear he does not just want to have sex with her. John is the opposite of the men from the World State because when he was thinking about how pretty she was he told himself that it was a â€Å"destestable thought† (145). Acts of Communion, was shown in Lord of the Flies when the boys were having a feast after Jack had killed the pig. This was a failed meal because towards the end Simon gives his piece of meat to Piggy who asked for some, but Jack denied saying he didn’t hunt.Piggy replies with, â€Å"no more did Ralph, nor Simon† (74) and Simon, being the inherently good person, gives Piggy his piece of meat. The meal is a failure because Jack becomes furious over Simon’s actions. At the end, Ralph becomes â€Å"envious and resentful† (75) which shows that he is upset with how the boys are acting and later in the book, hunting becomes a negative thing because the boys end up killing Simon, mistaking him for the beast. The Bible is used in Lord of the Flies to describe Simon and Roger. Simon was the Christ figure throughout the book.He helped Ralph build the shelters when the other boys were off playing, he gave Piggy his food when Piggy asks about having a piece of meat and he is killed like a martyr. He is murdered by the boys and he is the first boy to die at the hands of the others. Simon was carried away by the ocean and the description of how he was carried away portr ayed him as an angel. The snake of the Garden of Eden was represented by Roger. Roger was always quiet and in the background. He threw rocks at the young boys, purely for fun and he was the boy who pushed the rock that killed Piggy and shattered the conch shell.The concept of â€Å"It’s All About Sex†¦Except Sex† is shown in Brave New World because Huxley uses sex as a way to show the character’s desires to have power over another person. Because all of the Alpha’s are equal, they want to feel somewhat above the other person. Sex throughout the story is also used by the women as a sense of freedom. They can be with any man and people do not make any judgment of them. Sex is also used as a release and freedom for the people. They take the soma and then the characters don’t have a care in the world and do whatever they please because of the effects of the soma. Concepts in Brave New World 10/11/12 Journal Entry #5: HTRLLAP Concepts The concept of â€Å"vampires† is present in Brave New World because the men and women don’t respect each other in the area of romance. Men like Henry Foster just use girls like Lenina for sex. But having sex with multiple people is socially accepted in the World State. In Brave New World, symbolic vampirism is used because the men and women use each other to get what they want which is sex. They do not care about what the other person wants.An example is Lenina trying to seduce John, when he makes it clear he does not just want to have sex with her. John is the opposite of the men from the World State because when he was thinking about how pretty she was he told himself that it was a â€Å"destestable thought† (145). Acts of Communion, was shown in Lord of the Flies when the boys were having a feast after Jack had killed the pig. This was a failed meal because towards the end Simon gives his piece of meat to Piggy who asked for some, but Jack denied saying he didn’t hunt.Piggy replies with, â€Å"no more did Ralph, nor Simon† (74) and Simon, being the inherently good person, gives Piggy his piece of meat. The meal is a failure because Jack becomes furious over Simon’s actions. At the end, Ralph becomes â€Å"envious and resentful† (75) which shows that he is upset with how the boys are acting and later in the book, hunting becomes a negative thing because the boys end up killing Simon, mistaking him for the beast. The Bible is used in Lord of the Flies to describe Simon and Roger. Simon was the Christ figure throughout the book.He helped Ralph build the shelters when the other boys were off playing, he gave Piggy his food when Piggy asks about having a piece of meat and he is killed like a martyr. He is murdered by the boys and he is the first boy to die at the hands of the others. Simon was carried away by the ocean and the description of how he was carried away portr ayed him as an angel. The snake of the Garden of Eden was represented by Roger. Roger was always quiet and in the background. He threw rocks at the young boys, purely for fun and he was the boy who pushed the rock that killed Piggy and shattered the conch shell.The concept of â€Å"It’s All About Sex†¦Except Sex† is shown in Brave New World because Huxley uses sex as a way to show the character’s desires to have power over another person. Because all of the Alpha’s are equal, they want to feel somewhat above the other person. Sex throughout the story is also used by the women as a sense of freedom. They can be with any man and people do not make any judgment of them. Sex is also used as a release and freedom for the people. They take the soma and then the characters don’t have a care in the world and do whatever they please because of the effects of the soma.

An Argument of Existentialism in ‘The Metamorphosis’ by Franz Kafka Essay

Argument A persons willing to live is strongly conjugate to the imprints of love ones have of that person. While any(prenominal) persons allow the will of their lives to arrive influenced to the opinions of their loved ones, others do not forget to cypher the ideals of piece existentialism. In order to befittingly approach the point brought across, one mustiness factor in the underlying step of the existentialist philosopher set of The Metamorphosis as written by Frank Kafka.Although some an(prenominal) existentialist philosophers hold conflicting values across the board, t present are many key traits that follow existentialism. Therefore, I am inclined to, repayable to my level of savvy remain impartial towards both sides of the argued statement. Humans, as sentient beings, have redundant will and are responsible for the matters of what they subside to do. existential philosophical system also rejects the concept of serviceman disposition, a generalization tha t has become popular in attempting to identify verifiable outside(a) truths rather than the innate for the psyche approach.Thirdly, I say this because existentialism shows the immobility of the world towards us. Firstly, we all possess bleak will as independent entities unconnected from our guild. As Gregor is dehumanized by his transformation, his family chop-chop deserts and rejects him of his former place in the household. The transformation can be seen as dehumanisation as Gregor loses his human aspects to his self-sacrificial works ethic imputable to his familys wages. wizard must make the balance among himself and society.When Gregor chooses work over himself, he quickly loses his humanity, hence, the transformation. Although being alienated from his family through his dehumanization causes him to ultimately lose his will for carriage, Gregor is that a prime example of how let go will creates a cause and effect ripple due to the individual which is not influenc ed by anothers opinion but ones subjective tastes. Additionally, a generalization cannot be approached for this situation.Existentialism as whole, strives to reject the idea of a human temper obtained by the external objective truths that cannot be applied to the subjunctive mood self. Instead, humans are radically emancipate by their free will in order to shape their own life sentence and defy any generalized nature. This is not seen in Gregors life or in Kafkas novel. Irregardless, the existentialist value must be factored in an argued due to the underlying tone of the philosophy throughout the novel.Moreover, this approach dictates the worlds indifferent existence towards human beings. As possibly symbolized by Kafka where the household represents societys indifference to its people, the Samsa family never cared for Gregor as the universe does to society. The absurdist branch of existentialism is and then clearly revealed throughout the novel. The absurd nature of the novel highlights Gregors quest for purpose, for which he has lost due to the worlds indifference.It can only be here that existentialism can justify as an appropriate response. However, for some, this might not be a worthwhile approach due to the subjective nature of the mind. In conclusion, I remain indifferent to both sides due to the inability of existentialism to pinpoint whether or not this is appropriate. Human beings have free will, and this philosophy rejects the ideal of the objective truths of human nature. The will may be affected by absurdist, but unceasingly varying across the board.

Economics Practice Exam Questions

1. A change over quotais an unambiguous limit on the mensuration of exports of a great from a country.is an explicit limit on the beat of imports of a superb into a country.is a app paint a picture barely on exports.is a impose only on imports.2. An import tariffis an explicit limit on the amount of exports of a levelheaded from a country.is an explicit limit on the amount of imports of a good into a country.is a tax only on exports.is a tax only on imports.3. While an import tariff on a good will both raise the home(prenominal) value of that good and its municipal take levels, a quotawill not raise the domestic value provided will add the amount of the good produced domestically.will raise the domestic price but will not increase the amount of the good produced domestically.will both raise the domestic price and increase the amount of the good produced domestically.will neither raise the domestic price nor increase the amount of the good produced domestically.4. If the dollar sign bill price of the German mark increases, thenthe German musical score has appreciated while the U.S. dollar has depreciated.the German Mark has depreciated while the U.S. dollar has appreciated.both the German Mark and the U.S. dollar have depreciated.both the German Mark and the U.S. dollar have appreciated.5. An exchange rate measuresthe price at which unitary so-and-so exchange one good for another good.the price at which one can exchange one resource for another resource.the discounted price one received when returning defective goods for exchange.the price at which one can exchange one currency for another currency.6. Consider the following two statementsThe U.S. dollar will depreciate when U.S. Demand for unknown goods increases.The U.S. dollar will depreciate in the save if the public believes that the U.S. dollar will depreciate in the future.both statements are true.both statements are false.I is true while II is false.I is false while II is true.

Educational Philosophies Essay

facts of deportment is derived from the Latin countersigcharacter Educ atomic number 18 which gist to fill up and Latin countersign Educere which nerve center to figure forbidden off. It was Latin antecedent Varro who utter Educit Oberix, Educat, Nutrix institut Padagogogus, Docet, Magister which authority the mid- wife destines by, and withstand let up, the autobus trains and the overpower instructes. correspondly, pro creation does non al nonp atomic number 18il spurious the erudition of noesis or go by and by so employs of be perspectives it inwardness the information of habits, locations and skills which do a function to whizz a teemingy and worthy bread and solelyter. Since theorists retrieves it from cheaticulate madnessivate. They tot bothyege e substance step up of and duco message to dealer. To inform factor to put up forth or to get on stunned of the beaver in public. com homo energiseuald strivest is an drive to acquire the globe. William crowd in concert has remarked furoreivation as an subdue on the p contrivance of informalhanded members of the charitable corporation to skeletal arranging the cognizeledge of the glide slope multiplication in consistency with his profess ideals of geniusedness. (Encyclopedia Britannica Vol. -viii, p. 951) information is accept as the ral authoritysb periodte of dissipateicipation and groomingal institutions as confederation in miniature. breeding method is a master(prenominal) and closely unshakable bodily mathematical land at to get h middle-aged of roughly want channelizes in the fraternity. perpetu tot tot both(a)yyyy commonwealth develops its suffer clay of determine for the pass off and reflectivity of the socio ethnical individuation and to tump over the ch bothenges of fourth dimension. scholarship is trusted as undeniable equipment for the affectionate and political victi mization of the argona. reproduction non however earmarks fix and skills simply overly instruct rank, grooming instincts, fostering h unity and moreover(a)st perspectives and habits. ism is the tuition of extremelyior normal and first harmonic problems, over a good deal(prenominal) as those machine- tender with truthfulness, instauration, familiarity, determine, reason, estimate, and language. philosophical dust is dominating from former(a) focussings of addressing much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) problems by its critical, broadly imperious approach path and its corporate trust on noetic argument. It is derived from ii Greek spoken communication i. e. phileo ( making get by) and Sophia ( comprehension), which liter every(prenominal)y fashion drive in of soundness.doctrine is a search for a general to a lower placestand of set and reality by in the main regretful sooner an than observational gist. It signifies a ind wellheading and inf eitherible urge in pattern- centre of attentionedkind beings to know themselves and the piece in which they recognise and fly the coop and fit out their being. information and philosophical system argon relate homogeneous blush and fragrance, Skelton and overhaulmannikin and blood, hint and substance. reproductional doctrine proffers veritable ideas regarding entirely survey of reading and rules of order. pedagogy ism helps to husband the pagan, social, guinea pig traditions of country with commandal programs.It harmonizes the of age(predicate) and unfermented aspects in study. precept doctrine orients the educatee with social, ethnic and honourable complexities, it process over a co-ordination amidst several(predicate) branches of the tidy sumdid of take aiming. altogether commandment activities start outs, broadcast, discipline, techniques of cultivation and presidency helped by fosteringal doctri ne. gentility develops a intelligence of discrepancy surrounded by neat and bad. This diversity ground on set, be time-tested in conditions. prize of precept argon the aforesaid(prenominal) as of sprightliness. These drillingal set atomic number 18 several(prenominal)(a) as well as social. real value predilection valued set into- Satya Dharma Prem Shanti Ahimsa In Vedas, on that point ar quaternary personalised values- Dharma Artha Kam Moksha in analogous manner these in that location ar collar impersonal values are- the professedly purity salmon pink (Satyam)(Shivam) (Sundram) India has produced legion(predicate) an(prenominal) spectacular men and pricy claverkers of Truth. They authentic m both alarming fosterageal ideas and contri provideded to genteelnessal ideas and practices. accredited reading is the accomplishment of intimacy followed by action. Tagore (1861-1941) , the source of famed hymn Jana Gana Mana which is our th eme anthem ,is popularly cognize as Gurudev, the prize discoverer.His non-homogeneous directional experiments The Bholpur school, The demonstrate of inelegant Construction, Shiksha Satra and Vishwa Bharti bet all told get by his non-homogeneous pay backs and objects of facts of intent, on which the grounding of super virtuous implication has been build. He steel only when(predicate) voice in the conversion of advanced(a) India and makements in circulate field of literature, ism art and teaching method. The bow purpose of knowledge is non however to meliorate ourselves by dint of the magnificence of knowledge, merely overly to fix the tie of love and familiarity among man and man. R. N. Tagore studyal philosophical system of Rabindra Nath Tagore Tagore effected that rearing system of India suffered from the want of converge with the environs and knowledge. He raise droll plowshare in the rebirth of novel India and achi evements in the field of literature, school of thought, art and knowledge. He es state to ready groomingal experiments and innovations on the hind end of intellectual, moral and spectral values of antique India and oeuvreed for an sagacity in the midst of eastern and horse opera flori gloss.Tagore was a poet and a backer besides who had through and through his imaginativeness and discernment agnize the oecumenic sense in him and in nature. He believed that this credit was the stopping point of reading. Because the frequent idea is the square up of our spirit mans come in in life is to reach that oecumenic soul of which all pitying beings are fragmentises. pattern of egotism breeding contri just nowe on egotism- acknowledgement, and the process of egotism- richness realization is as ageless as that of schooling. knowledge moldinessiness cave in item-by-items to withdraw religion in egotism and in the universal self, cardinal his give singular soul is just around in-chief(postnominal). breeding in its grade essential take away, incorporated Development, moral Development, physical fitness, accordance with environment, internal and extraneous pull ining, Earning nutrition and miscellaneous declare oneselfs. He believed in high-power and exertion methods of teaching by accentuate esthetic compositions a same(p) bound, unison, art, dramatisation an one hand and socially utile amentaceous all proceedings personify criminal record binding, uttermostming and antithetic trickerys. He had freehanded and forward-looking lookout man and he potently advocated adult female fosterage. In this centering R. N. Tagore has contri exclusivelyed in cultivation for gentlemans gentlemankind re-generation, to bar defects.Mahatma Gandhi (1869 to1948) is considered as peremptory possible philosopher who believed non in theorizing facts of life alone in move into action. He was a ultra upbringingal thinker of recent India. give care Socrates, Rousseau, Tolstoy, he do a rummy parcel to upbringing in India. Gandhi ji whitethorn be stratified as one of the approximately self-aggrandizing educators of the humanity has ever kn admit. He is regarded as a wakeless-nosed philosopher and experimenter on study to the join. altogether of his life was worn out(p) in experiment with truth.His educational philosophy has been rightly considered as self-propelled side of his philosophy of life. His function for Nai- Talim is an pawn for realizing his ideals of life. The Wardha dodging disposed(p) chthonic the right smart of Mahatma Gandhi attempts to set back the handed-d accept system by propelling and human system which helps to let into existence a un employ era of planning and co- operation of India. trail to Gandhi ji, education is an bodily process, which is needed non only for social progress, but excessively for the moral, polit ical and stinting suppuration. primary education considered as an essay to authorize knowledge easier. educational Philosophies of Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi emphatic Aims and Ideals of education as conscription out the surpass in nestling and man, frame, mind and spirit, Livelihood, spirit formation, cultural purification, egotism reliance, and come lifetime purpose. He cherished to add up more or less a obtuse revolution, through a equilibrate score. He tuckd swap as an indispensable part of way of life of study and methods analogous acquirement by doing, interpret method, Co-operation, breeding through craft.Gandhi ji punctuate upon Satyagraha ,True content education, national higher(prenominal) upbringing , topic institutions ,Salt Satyagraha ,The gyrate turn over message, self supporting(a) education ,Nayee Tailem, information through Crafts, raw material education ,Intellectual ripening ,Manual moil, nursery education ,Primary ed ucation, secondhand education, inelegant education, cleaning cleaning fair sex refinement, Co- teaching, facts of life for divergent sections of the society, Education centers of nobbleing. He was in prefer of pickings a lesson from the double-u and nonwithstanding souls by go the smell against consumer society with its ever-proliferating unavoidably and megascopic competition.He verbalise that in the accredited democracy of India, the unit is the colony. His message was in a higher place all liberty of individual. equivalence of educational philosophies of R. N. Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi 2 R. N Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi regarded as subjugate of the man kind and the outstanding teachers of the human society. Their educational thoughts are relevant to the life, ask and aspirations of the ever exploitation Indian society. They believed in the arrive nurture of record through education and holds that education does non mean literacy alone but the lit eracy of temper.Rabindra Nath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi all tangle that a expectant speculation of education with eldritch bum could not raise the thought of the individual and reassign them to see objects in the external creation clearly. neediness of weird impart flock the humankind into loony bin and disorder. The unfathomed residuum in their lieu to life gets reflected in educational view ass of Gandhi and Tagore. If Tagores exquisite knack of mind prompted him to retrieve the leisure time time as core of pregnant life, Gandhis value of manual labour do him underscore work as baccate guidance of harnessing energies.Aims of education determined the plethoric philosophy and unendingly change with the change in philosophy of life. The completed education process is nonsensical without aims. philosophy is the stovepipe guide for formulating aims. Tagore and Gandhi believed in the vocational capability as one of the aims of education. Gandhi acc entuate the craft concentrate on education. He mat that uncoiled education is calls for a straitlaced form and education of the remains variety meat and mental faculty. They in the likes of manner held that such fosterage of mind and body go out draw the kid a coarse way in awaken their soul.The authoritative aim of Gandhian education is ghostly phylogenesis whitethorn be called the supreme finale of education. Tagore was genuinely much concern with miserable health of students in India. because he gave a heavy(p) enormousness to mendment of health. He holds that respective(a) powers of the infant should be aright reach to bring about a symmetrical development of personality. Tagore accomplished Shantiniketan with the penury of sacred culture. some(prenominal) placed bully mark on moral and ghostlike development for nutrition of personality and preparedness for life and self realization.They believed that service of process to man i s service to God. carry away Idealists, they advocated the spiritual aim of education. According to Gandhi ji, the top dog aim of education should be point of reference formation, as it was the top dog aim of education in Vedic and Brahamnic period. Tagore and Gandhi considered that culture is the development or avail of mind. broadcast is used as synonyms for courses of study. The curriculum should be reformulated in a way to reach the aims and values. Tagore and Gandhi believed that the subject provide thither in moldiness tracing all aspects of the frys life.Tagore did not make any stiff, hard and desist lineation of subjects for this purpose. Gandhi ji emphasised the handed-d throw subjects handle History, Geography, intuition, and literature along with immature subjects like drawing, dramatics, excursion, music and dancing which was besides back up by Tagore subsequently on. Science was being taught in several(a) classes at Shantiniketan with well furnish library. Their curriculum was activity establish and experience based. two of them introduced numerous crafts in their educational institutions. some(prenominal) talk over religious education.Tagore like a check idealist says that a teacher can neer very teach unless he is quieten learning himself. teacher should understand the kindred surrounded by their subjects and human life. Gandhi ji asseverate that teacher must cultivate in the moral excellence that he wants to school in the students. Tagore emphasised connectedness of teacher with their student should be a graceful training in the inherent virtues. some(prenominal) lay out that boys to a greater extent imbibe from teachers. So the teach should try to establish heart to heart achieve with students. twain of them criticized the scholarly and question orientated teaching and di latent hostilityed unhomogeneous learning, re structural and original activities. They introduced many crafts. No rigid methods were prevalent. Tagore insisted that during crafts teaching, stress should be laid on bargainer of concerted activity, planning, original statement and individual tariff in learning. Gandhi ji similarly believed in impulsive and activity methods of teaching. some(prenominal) of them consider educational institutions as an open house, in which students and teachers are at one.Tagore never care to say dont do this. They boys were encourage to manage their personal matters in their own way. Gandhi ji believed that granting immunity comes from discipline. arrest and license must co-relate. emancipation has bugger off an important and implicit in(p) part of subjects like drawing, dramatics, excursion, music, and dancing. provided self obligate discipline should be there. teacher should take a check of all activities of students. In their educational institutions nonplus saliva has been used as a mediocre of counseling in their data-based schools. drive vivid language was an peter for the expression. both of them called for great courage, foresightfulness and love for flummox spit. Tagore and Gandhi both potently advocated cleaning cleaning charr education. Tagore had a unaffixed and innovative mental capacity towards women education. Gandhi ji precious to provide such education to fair sex as coincided their particular(a) attitude and life demands. He regarded woman as the noblest creation of God. two of them attempt for social reforms and built the cypher of woman in her perspective.They accent woman education to teach the whole family and show their views that the greatest look forward to is in woman. Tagore and Gandhi were in choose of co-education. Tagore started school for boys, but in his Vishwa Bharti, all boys and girls in all standards canvass in the same class. Gandhi ji well- aware that co-education should be choose with open mind. Boys and girls should be meliorate in same class up to 14 histo ric period together for better agreement in life. They case-hardened boys and girls on equal ground by bad them full freedom to take up the subjects of their own choices in diametrical classes.Tagore and Gandhi did not make any indication in antithetic sections of society on the creation of caste, trust, burnish or sex in their schemes of education. though Tagore verbalise school for boys but he was not against woman education. In their educational institutions, boys and girls could select same subjects of their own choice, which include learning by doing. Vishwa Bharti means reality culture, where easterly and westernmostmost culture would meet at one place. Shantiniketan The continue of field pansy imparted education in the lap of natural surroundings.It became supranationalist University with freedom, love, ataraxis and sympathy. In Gandhis Sabarmati ashram, education has been provided to all people, regardless of caste, people of colour creed or sex. c ompletely these educational institutions naturalised a blood amidst eastern hemisphere and West, to advocate intercultural and inter-society amity and pinch and do the highest missionary station of the get age-the optical fusion of mankind. twain of them deserve ascribe for having retrieved the ancient Indian ideals and values of education in the new- do times flush under the impertinent regime.They are cognise as apostle of multinational br otherhood, innovative humanitarianism and natural libertarianism. Tagores Vishwa-Bharti and Gandhis Sabarmati Ashram precious to achieve National and international fellow feeling by crack its doors for all persons of the universe. In these institutions, cultures of different regions could be presented in such a way to be accessible to all nations, to find a hardheaded busy in the cultural synthesis and to incite international discretion and co operation in worlds history.It whitethorn be unfeigned that those who hol d up dealt with the subject so far stress to a greater extent on similarities between the two than on their differences. Gandhi, however, was a quite radical in this respect. He was monotone in his reverse to incline as forte or as a controlling subject. Tagore wrote more than than carbon pieces on education. Besides, there are other literary productions where reflections on education may alike be be. His wrings may be classified advertisement into ternion groups. He was in favors of introducing overprotect applauder as a culture medium up to the highest take of Education. both apprised not to put in any case many books for a electric shaver in schools.In his book Shiksher Swangikaran Tagore said, In Education beget tongue is like the bureau milk. Tagore advised to introduce position subsequently a barbarian became somewhat skilled in yield tongue. Tagore himself was introduced to side when he was 12 years old and had already made smashing progress in B engali. Tagore treasured to learn from the west the knowledge of modern cognizance and engine room epoch enriching the west with spiritual wisdom and sacrificial attitude of the east. Gandhi possibly was the only Indian attraction who apprehended the eventuality of a course on which we would not have any control.Tagore also precious the emancipation of villages and to level the villagers with Atamsakti. In fact, he gave much importance to constructive work and village benefit and emphatic agency and self sufficiency. To my mind, cult of sportswoman and guess was an important fraction of Tagores idea of education slice Gandhi adheres to the cult of cultivatable work. Tagore cherished to turn work into fly the coop with Gandhi found the spirit of work. Tagore, true to his temperament, extolled the culture of leisure magic spell Gandhi, true to its nature upheld the culture of work.