Bullying Interventions That Support Exceptional Education...

Violence has increasingly grown in our nation in the last 5 years. It has entered every facet of the lives of youth, from social media, television, and especially in the school system. One of the biggest problem that exist in the school system today is bullying. This type of misbehavior can cause the school climate to be unconducive to learning. Bullying can also have a negative effect on not just the regular student, but the exceptional education student as well. Because of the growing epidemic (trend) of bullying, it is a need to further research the effects that bullying has on the special education student. These facts lead to the proposed research topic, â€Å"Bullying Interventions that support exceptional education students†. The following literature review will attempt to support the proposed topic. In the article by Rose, Swearer, Espelage (2012) the authors explained that further research should be conducted to determine if anti-bullying programs effectively impact exceptional education students or if modifications were needed The authors also argued that bullying not only affects the regular student, but it possibly puts the special need student at a higher risk. They are at a higher risk due to physical elements, personal qualities, and school related issues. When students with disabilities display age-appropriate social skills and positive self-concept, are academically sound, develop positive relationships, and are involved in school activities, theirShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : Students With Disabilities1157 Words   |  5 PagesIt may sound clichà ©, but I was born to teach students with disabilities. Growing up, I had the best example to follow. My mother actively taught special education for 31 years and seeing her interaction with students created a p assion in me to do the same thing. Even at a young age, it was evident that I wanted to be a teacher: from forcing my younger brother to sit still and play â€Å"school† with me, to spending my free time volunteering in special needs classrooms during middle and high schoolRead MoreGroup Counseling For Children And Adolescents1630 Words   |  7 Pageschildren and adolescents with special needs learn the social skills they will need in life? An article in the peer-reviewed journal Education suggests that indeed, group counseling is an effective way to teach social skills. This paper reviews the article and comments on the learning that was accomplished and discusses in the article. Group Counseling with Students who have Special Needs Derk Stephens and colleagues explain that there are a number of deficits that children and adolescents withRead MoreCan Retention Be Good for a Student1751 Words   |  8 PagesCan Retention be good for a Student? In today’s society, there is a large debate of what is best for a child’s learning development when they are below level in learning. Educators debate the fact about whether grade retention is good for a student, or is it more appropriate to advance them with their peers, and there is research available to support what is being said. What is meant by retention or non-promotion is having a child repeat a particular grade or requiring a child of appropriateRead MoreAnxiety : A Type Of Emotional Disorder2163 Words   |  9 Pagesfeelings will often manifest into physical symptoms, like headaches, shaking, diarrhea, or vomiting. In the classroom, a student with GAD or SOC may have difficulty concentrating, sitting still, or focusing on the lesson due to their worrying and discomfort. Prevalence and Causes One out of every eight children in the United States suffer from some form of anxiety. These students are more likely to have poor performance at school and participate in substance abuse (www.adaa.org, 2014). Severe anxietyRead MoreRole of the School Counsellor5575 Words   |  23 Pagescounsellors assess cognitive functioning and identify mental retardation, giftedness, developmental delays, instructional difficulties, and learning disabilities. They recommend educational programs; assess behavioural and emotional problems, and support parents and teachers. They also deal with the full spectrum of social problems including family violence, peer interactions, substance abuse, sexual abuse, neglect and the influences of these problems on school functioning. School counsellors actRead MoreStrategies for Promoting Positive Behaviour According with the Policies and Procedures of the Setting17778 Words   |  72 Pageswhich are conducive to learning appropriate behaviors. It is essent ial to ensure that behavior which does not meet school/setting’s expectations, is responded to through management strategies that do not rely upon any form of physical or abusive intervention. The aim of this Procedure is: †¢ To promote positive behavior management in school and educational settings †¢ To help school and educational settings understand what the law means for them in practical terms and provide staff withRead MoreNursing Problems Associated With Nurses2846 Words   |  12 Pagescaused a widespread and dangerous deficiency of experienced nurses who are needed to care for individual patients as well as the population as a whole. According to an article written by Littlejohn (2012) the nursing shortage needs appropriate intervention in order to prevent a serious public health crisis. Nursing is one of the largest groups of healthcare professionals whose has over 3.1 million Registered Nurses, but there are still not enough to care for the growing number of patients. AMNRead MoreNursing Nurses And The Nursing Shortage2906 Words   |  12 Pages ABSTRACT Nursing is one of the largest groups of healthcare providers giving high quality direct care in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics and in home care. Due to vast reductions in nursing students, coupled with other challenges presented by a growing nursing shortage, this has resulted in fewer nurses working longer hours and caring for even sicker patients than before. This set of circumstances compromises the care of the patient and contributes to the nursing shortage by creating anRead MoreLabelling And Models Of Disability3697 Words   |  15 Pagessystem of ideas and beliefs concerning the political, social and cultural views of an individual or group† (Pierson and Thomas 2002: 232). This thus makes it important for social workers to study as it underpins the professional conduct during an intervention. For example, while assessing a service user with a disability, the belief system is likely to influence how you view the person. The individual can be perceived as a cheat of t he system or as a victim of structural oppression in the society. Read MoreAward In Education Training 650231182 Words   |  105 Pagesï » ¿Award in Education and Training (City and Guilds 6502) Level 3 ‘RESOURCE PACK B’ Assignment construction kit This belongs to: ‘Andragogic Education’ - Aned Ltd. 11 Church Road, Great Bookham. KT233PB Contents Page Constructing your Award in Education and Training portfolio 3 Guide to writing Award in Education and Training answers 3 4 Assessment record form 6 A) Unit 301 – requirements and assessment criteria 9 B) Unit 302 – requirements and assessment criteria 18

Reflection On The Existence Of Free Will - 1135 Words

I. Conceptual Clarification â€Å"Causality† - Causality, within the context of determining the existence of free will, is the â€Å"causal link [that] determines what the future looks like.† (Rauhut, 82) In other words, it is the relationship between two or more events, in which an action is caused or influenced by a prior event. For example, within the context of my â€Å"big decision,† I am choosing between getting a traditional job or selling artwork. The causality within this scenario exists in that I grew up in an unstructured environment and have adapted to working with little structure. This predetermines my choice by influencing my preference and personal values. II. Analyze, Evaluate, Reflect All events have causes. All our actions are events. All caused events are determined by the past. Therefore: All our actions are determined by the past. If all our actions are determined by the past, then we have no power to act other than we do indeed act. If we have no power to act, then we do not have free will. Therefore: We have no free will. The argument for the case of hard determinism is deductive, as it â€Å"provides conclusive support for the truth of the conclusion† from a logical standpoint. (Rauhut, 29) Disregarding the validity of the premises of the argument, each of the premises logically follow to their conclusions - one to the fourth premise, and the other to the ultimate conclusion that, â€Å"We have no free will.† The first conclusion, or fourth premise, is drawn fromShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Existence of God: the Arguments of Locke and Descartes965 Words   |  4 Pagesthat Gods existence is clear and distinct. God exists because the thought of God is derived from a completely clear and distinct idea from within his being (which he concedes is a thinking being). Having come from distinct thoughts, the idea of God can therefore never be considered a falsity. From this very distinct idea of God comes everything else that one grasps distinctly and clearly. He states, From the fact that I cannot think of God not existing, it follows that existence cannot beRead MoreLooking at the Character of Meursault in The Stranger by Camus1054 Words   |  5 PagesMeursault in The Stranger by Camus In Camus’s â€Å"The Stranger† I will be discussing how the character Meursault utilizes all of the six existential themes: Freedom, Contingency, Individuality, Existence, Reflection, and Passion. I will also address how Meursault utilizes the existential givens of existence: Death, Freedom, Existential Isolation, and Meaning/Meaninglessness. I will then go on to discuss Meursault’s responsibility (guilt) throughout the novel. Finally I will discuss the interactionRead MoreComparing Theories of Gods Existence Essays641 Words   |  3 PagesComparing Theories of Gods Existence Many different philosophers have their own theory on Gods existence. They have their own thoughts of how they believe God is a cause. Such philosophers are Anslem, Spinoza, and Leibniz. . Anslem is a philosopher who used the ontological way of thinking to explain Gods existence. The ontological thought process shows the existence and being of a thing. Anselms argument is that God is this being that so truly exists that it cannot beRead MoreThe Essence Of Dialogue Is The Foundation Of Humanization994 Words   |  4 PagesThe essence of dialogue is the foundation of humanization, it’s a fragment of emotions that when broken down into its constitutive elements reveals two dimensions, action and reflection. Conjointly, when those two dimensions of dialogue are exposed within educational institutions, a world of caring, art, liberation, encounters, and transcendence begins to form the methods of authentic education. Thus, this process can empower an individual with the creative thoughts necessary to deconstruct, andRead MoreJohn Locke, Paul Sartre, And Georg L. Hegel1710 Words   |  7 Pageswhich is defined simply as â€Å"existence.† Being may seem really simple but everything has to have basic characteristics to exist in the form that it has come to take. In class we discussed Jean-Paul Sartre’s argument that under the terms of atheist existentialism it is plausible humans are â€Å"a being in whom existence precedes essence, a being which exists before being defined by any concept† (Sartre 1). Sartre is often remembered to have said that humans are condemned to be free. This means that they cannotRead MoreKierkegaard And Nietzsche And Existentialism989 Words   |  4 PagesExistentialism can be defined as a branch of philosophy that emphasizes individual existence, freedom, and choice. It focuses on the question of human existence and the feeling that there is no purpose or explanation for existence. Although they never used the term existentialism in their works, Soren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche are considered two of the first and significant philosophers to the existentialist movement. They focused on subjective human experience and were interested in theRead MorePlato And St. Augustine1090 Words   |  5 Pagesas justice and right conduct are absolute and beyond the realm of subjective viewpoints. One of his arguments against moral relativism is that it is logically unsound. Plato proposed a multi-layered existence. There is the world of sensory perception, which includes the physical realities of existence. Plato argued for a higher level of being that he understood as a world of forms, ideas or concepts. Plato argued that conduct comes from a reference to this world of forms. By this argument, there isRead MoreAnalysis Essay On C.S. Lewiss Narnia1598 Words   |  7 Pagespaper examines the way a selection of Narnias key characteristics prompt debates over logic and faith, comment on the nature of spiritual and metaphysical journeys, allow readers to broaden their conception of their own capabilities, encourage new reflection on the story of Christ and help to clarify conceptions of good and evil. Narnias first characteristic of note is the portal through which it is reached Ââ€" the wardrobe. By connecting the secondary world with the first, ‘real one, rather thanRead MoreMeaning Of Existentialism In Hamlet1446 Words   |  6 Pagesman-centered philosophy. Defined briefly as regarding the precedence of human existence to essence, thus humans are entirely free and must be held culpable for their actions, as they create their own values and determine their own meaning to their life. It typically displays a dismal of abstract theories that seek to disguise the untidiness of actual human lives. It emphasizes the subjective realities of individual existence, individual freedom, and individual choice, and holds that the only way toRead More Atwoods Tricks With Mirrors as a Declaration of Female Independence1414 Words   |  6 Pagescommunication as an attempt to change the role-playing games of relationships is Margaret Atwoods 1974 poem, Tricks With Mirrors. Through the use of poetic devices such as metaphor and tone in Tricks with Mirrors, Atwood attempts to explain and break free from the restrictions of these traditional dynamics in relationships.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Part I of the poem, Atwood uses a seemingly vague introduction to the subject matter, but gets straight to the point. Within five lines, she distinctly identifies

Human Resource Management Knowledge Management

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management for Knowledge Management. Answer: Introduction A human resource manager focuses on expanding the performance and services of an employee. Their motive is to align all the people working in an organization towards their goals and objectives. Human resource management deals with managing people in an organization. The managers need to balance the organization goals in coordination with government regulations. This is known as ministry of the manpower in Singapore. In the 20th century, the concept of human resource was to only deal with the payroll and welfare schemes designing in the organization. The focus of HRM was administrative arrangements at that time. Whereas, while growing more and more in the recent years, it has added strategic management initiatives like the acquisitions, succession planning in the organization, talent hunt, labor and industrial relations and also inclusion and diversity (Werner, 2014). The Human Resource Industry In Singapore The human resource management exercises in Singapore are not just limited to the employee management or employee engagement. The managers also deal with the organizational goals and aims to indulge the employees in engagement with goals of company (Rowey, 2004). Looking at the further plans, the HRM industry in Singapore must focus on planning of re hiring older managers into the workplace because of low population of Singapore (Singapore Department of Statistics, 2014). For any organization working in any country, the first goal has to be employee engagement and employee dealing. The employees tend to be more fulfilled and satisfied when they are engaged. By this, the employees have a maintained connection with the organization and also focus on the success of its goals. The less engaged employees are expected to leave the job soon. In case of no emotional engagement of an employee with its job or organization, there opens a chance that they would try rejecting additional remunerations from the company like, promotion, good and flexible working environment (Haid Sims, 2009). There have been several studies on the following and one of them also shows that how the lower grade employees intend to quit when are more engaged. The organization costs about 1.5 times of employees salary when it has to replace him by another. And this retention has a deep effect on the companys bottom line. When, in an organization, an employee quits the job then, the person brings along an important experience and knowledge along with them. The idea of replacing an employee can lead to draining of resources from the company as well as new employees joining in the organization are to be taught everything from the scratch and might take years to gain experience and perfection. Learning Organisation/ Organisational Learning/ Knowledge Management An employees general performance also defines his organizational performance. And the working place also matters for the idea of employee engagement. If the working place of an organization is not able maintain a good learning and developed environment then the employee results will also have inadequacy in engagement of employees and lessen their capability skills too. Hence, it is a strong need of the organization to know the need of knowledge coordination inside the workplace for guiding its employees towards success (Lubit, 2001). Intellectual capital i.e. IC is an important key driver for the innovation and advantages of competition in todays world of knowledge based working and economy (Teece, 2000). This concept also means that the fruitful administrative working of IC is clearly related the management of knowledge which an organization has to put in one place. This also signifies a good and successful application. This will help in growing IC of an organization. Information creation, assimilation, circulation and utilization in the big organization will be directed because of good and effective management of knowledge. One can look into nonkanas model of SECI. Moreover, a productive knowledge management also creates a working condition which is conducive and it encourages, speeds up and creates a production and transmission of knowledge (Nonkana, 1995). An effective knowlegede management also allows sharing of knowledge amongst the employees and all the information to be used by one employee alone too (Nonkana, 2000). A company has to chose single loop learning, i.e. SLL and double loop learning, i.e. DLL to remain in the completion list of organizations (Argyris, 1975). Both argyris and schon were into the research that SLL can be also used to reach organizations full potential and also to match with the solutions. Knowledge Management Impact And Knowlegde Economy On Hrm The IC management is an important route to reach competitive advantages in a knowledge kind of economy. The creation of an environment where one can take up and use the main resources which can be accessible to the employee individuals. In this kind of environment, the employees are able to share, acquire and use all the information for developing a different employees knowledge. This way, the employees are encouraged and are able to apply the same knowledge in favor of an organization (Harman Brelade, 2007). HRM is responsible for attracting, selecting, retention and having management and a development in the capabilities of employees. This brings about a boost in achieving benefits from all the knowledge and accessible assets (Human resource development in a knowledge based economy, 2003). When it comes to a country like Singapore, the knowledge economy relies extremely on talent hunt management and ones knowledge (Kan,Ho,.Cappelli and Berman, 2008). Role Of Hrm In The Knowledge Economy The HRM department should focus on changing and developing the HRM roles in order to have successful and effective knowledge economy. It is their duty to follow their roles like, facilitation of good clear knowledge, building up of relations inside organization and managing human resource and capital. All the functions help an organization in becoming learning and growing organization. In this kind of environment, all the employees have to cultivate as a responsible workman on throe own. This will actively support the creation of knowledge send its distribution (Argote, 2000). Now on the other hand, the mangers also work as relationship builders and promoters. There they have to support, maintain and develop the relationship between the employees as well stakeholders externally and internally. This move helps a man in improving social match up and also creates knowledge. Finally, it can be said that if a company has to increase its value in the market then they will have to focus on HRM department more closely. Performance Rewards And Management It is always important to keep in mind that any person or employee can only be motivated when he/she receives some appreciation or is rewarded for the work they do. They can be the most enticing for the motivation of employees. This push factor must be kept in mind (Armstrong, 2010). How Does Km Helps In Enhancing Rewards And Manegement Performace The new employees always need to develop a new knowledge for adjusting with their job or the task given to them; hence KM can help in motivating new workers to use the shared knowledge portal. With the process, an employee tends to learn more and more in a general sense and also clear his/her doubts easily while learning. KM helps in letting the employees work more efficiently and comfortably inside an organization. This system does not let the old or other employees get side line. Both the types of employees in a workplace can be treated with the plan. New knowledge can be created easily with this process. Sharing and distributing knowledge amongst the employees is an important part of knowledge management. Organizations must work on creating rewards which tend to have a support system to share of knowledge. This will also include performance and productivity of an individual. Conclusion Ending the whole research, it would be important to say that the knowledge economy has completely changed the HRM into a duff rent approach. It is important to remain competitive and alive in this knowledge based working. Especially in Singapore, the companies have met the knowledge expectations and show up their importance. Knowledge is an irreplaceable resource and helps an organization in innovation new plans and increase performance. In addition to this, an efficient coordination is important in knowledge environment. This involves socializing amongst employees, developing a culture in side workplace and creates policies which can be favorable to the employees too. Being up to date with the new technologies and plans and policies is also part of HRM. An organization had to meet all the types of steps to become a whole sole maintained organization. Lack of any one criterion might lead an organization to go off competition list and results to inability. It is important to have an organization where not only learning but also sharing of knowledge is supported. The managers must know to differ importance of knowledge and talent in workers separately. This will help in creating an organization where not only knowledge is supported, but also focuses on innovation processes and help in enhancing rivalries and competitiveness. This way, an organization will consider their cultures, innovations and procedures. References Agency, S. W. D. (2015).Human resource. Retrieved July 9, 2016, from https://www.wda.gov.sg/content/wdawebsite/L207-AboutWSQ/L301-WSQIndustryFramework-HumanResource.html al, B. B. et (2004).Professional responsibility: Markets, ethics and law(2004-2005) (cases and readings for 2004-2005)(11th ed.)Pearson Custom. Editorial board (2003).Human Resource Management Review,13(4), ii. doi:10.1016/s1053-4822(03)00072-x Global, M. (2010).Home | McLean global consulting (MGC). Retrieved July 9, 2016, from https://www.mcleanglobal.com Journal of knowledge management practice,. Retrieved July 9, 2016, from https://www.tlainc.com/articl39.htm Knowledge management - what is human resource ? Retrieved July 9, 2016, from https://www.whatishumanresource.com/knowledge-management Ltd, I. S. P. (2012, October ).Impact of employee engagement on customer loyalty. Retrieved July 9, 2016, from https://www.insyncsurveys.com.au/resources/articles/employee-engagement/2012/10/impact-of-employee-engagement-on-customer-loyalty/ Pinnnington, A. H., Pinnnington, H. (2014).International human resource management(3rd ed.). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Rowley, T. J., Baum, J. A. C., Shipilov, A. V., Greve, H. R., Rao, H. (2004). Competing in groups.Managerial and Decision Economics,25(67), 453471. doi:10.1002/mde.1201 Schobel, K. (2014). How much is enough? A study of municipal councillor remuneration.Canadian Public Administration,57(1), 138153. doi:10.1111/capa.12054 Werner, S. (2014). Aktuelles.ergopraxis,7(05), 89. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376894

Same Sex Marriage Essays - Public Opinion, Survey Methodology

same sex marriage "Oral report, yes or no?" need to start writing the paper Public opinion poll...same sex marriage... questions on topic: 1. should marriage be between heterosexual couples or any two couples? 2. 3. Should adoption be legal for same sex married couples. June 23, 1997 Public opinion: Feared by the founding fathers...today politics have to be more friendly the people..."collection of similar attitudes and believes that are shared by some portion of the population." types of pulpit opinion -intensity: How willing people are to express their opinion. More expression can lead the intensity of a subject to be passed by Gov. ecpl.gays, abortion, affirmative action... -fluidity: "amount of change public opinion goes through in a period of time"...exp. Bush administration... -stability: "extent to which public opinion remains constant over a period of time"exlp. 95% of public believe we should be more involved in Gov. decions... -latent: "people are not expressing their opinion to interest and education"could be an argument for the elitist belief of Gov. Forming Public Opinion: a concoction of family background, school, per's, college, work place, exposure to society, Sampling techniques -Random Sample : every type of person should have a equal chance of being sampled -quota sample: targets a specific demographic group... -sampling error: difference between what the sample show andtrue result of all participating Functions of the media: shape public opinion -profits: #1 priority; they are responsible tostco holders -reporting news: -setting the Agenda: they set what the top story, they select which stories we should be exposed to. -expressing opinion: media provides editorials, -spin doctors: Rush, and others, media nalysetes or talk show hosts that interpret news in away that supports the party that represent... Hard Fluff: entertainment the can be descised as news; oj case; Tonga harding; June 24, 1997 Interest groups: organized meters that share a common objective; attempt to influence Gov. polices -separation of powers: checks and balance system allows the interest groups to hound a Brach of Gov. to adhere to the interest at hand. Growth of Interest Groups: right to potion the goc; 1st...came about during farmers subsidies, and the new deal... why people join: they are interested in reform, get benefits from certain groups, just the belonging factor. Types of Interest Groups: -Business: owners of businesses were not happy worth the new deal so they formed in response "elite corporation 'business roundtable' "national association of manufacturers" -agriculture: formed to protect from economic and banks... -labor: came in during new deal, unions...AFL-CIO 1955 membership is around 13 million-they were originally comprised o blue collar workers... -public: have no economical benefit, they from for social reform, environmental issues, and ex. -professions: groupsthat represents layers, teachers, doctors, and other professions...American medical association, 240 thousand in the 1990 elections they spent 3.2 million dollars. Direct Lobbying -Political action committees In-direct lobbying Lobby regulation -Regulation of Lobbying act 1946 -Ethics in govt. act 1978

Bourdieu, Gramsci and Radical Mobilization essays

Bourdieu, Gramsci and Radical Mobilization essays Throughout contemporary times there have been various student movements advocating social reform in many countries throughout the world, but perhaps one of the most well-known and influential student movements is the Students for a Democratic Society. The SDS movement was most active during the 1960s and inspired by the Civil Rights Movement. It advocated for many social issues such as equality, economic justice, participatory democracy and peace. Using the theories from Pierre Bourdieus books, Logic of Practice and Distinction and Antonio Gramscis, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, we will be able to better understand the mechanisms behind the radical mobilization of the 1960s and give an explanation as to why they happened. Bourdieu would analyze that the mechanisms that allowed for the SDS movement and other radical mobilization of the 1960s could be explained through his terms, habitus, reproduction, misrecognition and the accumulation and maintenance of capital. Antonio Gram sci [on the other hand] would argue that the mobilization of the 1960s could be demonstrated through his concepts of hegemony, civil society, and common sense, war of position and war of movement. In Logic of Practice, Pierre Bourdieu introduces one of his major concepts; habitus. Bourdieu argues that the lifestyle practices, values, expectations and dispositions of individuals and particular social groups are acquired through their activities and experiences of everyday life that follow an objective structure, this is their habitus. Specifically Bourdieu defines habitus as the systems of durable, transposable dispositions, structured structures predisposed to function as structuring structures, that is, as principles which generate and organize practices and representations that can be objectively adapted to their outcomes without presupposing a conscious aiming at ends or an express mastery of the operation ...

The #1 Critical, Fundamental Strategy of SAT Reading

The #1 Critical, Fundamental Strategy of SAT Reading SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips There are many different strategies out there for solving SAT Reading questions, but succeeding on this section really only requires mastery of one fundamental rule. That rule is this: There’s only one 100% correct answer choice, and all the others can be eliminated without any ambiguity. Read on to find out how this applies to your test-taking strategy and how you can use the rule to improve your scores. Reasons for the Fundamental Rule In this section, I'll go over some background information on the rule and explain why it makes sense. Why Is There No Ambiguity in Answers on the SAT Reading Section? As you know, the SAT is a standardized test.Standardized tests market themselves as objective measures of academic skill; without this objectivity, they lose their relevance. Even a subject like reading, where answers are typically more subjective, must be tested using questions that have only one objectively correct answer.The test would be greatly weakened if people could challenge the questions all the time and argue convincingly that more than one answer could be correct. The College Board would have to throw out all the questions that were disputed, leaving them with less data to calculate scores and a reputation for unreliability. How Does the College Board Make Sure Ambiguity Never Happens? The answer to every reading question can be found directly in the text of the passage. Since the College Board can’t allow any room for interpretation,questions must find ways of restating information that’s already in the text. Questions might might use phrases like â€Å"most nearly means† or â€Å"is best described as† to trick you into thinking more ambiguously about the answers and giving too many of them a fair shot.Don’t let this happen to you!Always remember: ONE ANSWER CHOICE TO RULE THEM ALL. Types of Wrong Answers Let's go over the four types of incorrect answer choices you might see on the test and how to spot them! Type #1: Extra Information or Slightly Off Be a sleuth for extra details in answer choices that aren't backed up by the passage. Even one unsupported descriptive word can make an answer incorrect. Sometimes, an answer will have two parts. If one part works and the other part doesn't, you still need to eliminate it! Make sure you look at both parts of the answer carefully and cross it out if you think either part doesn’t fit. Type #2: Opposite Even if you don’t know the exact answer to the question, you will be able to tell if relationships in the passage were reversed.These answer choices can be tricky because if you’re reading quickly, you might not catch that things are in the wrong order.That's why it’s so important to double check your answers! Type #3: Irrelevant or Concept Jumble Irrelevant answers can be tricky because they prey on students’ tendency to overthink the question and twist any choice into a plausible answer.If something seems unrelated to what you read, it’s wrong. Don’t doubt yourself! Similar to these are concept jumble answer choices, which create weird amalgams of stuff you read in the passage but don’t actually say anything relevant to the question.Again, if you’re going too fast these can be a problem for you. Never choose an answer just because it contains key words. Type #4: Plausible Interpretation These ones can be tough to eliminate, especially if you’re used to viewing literature in the context of English classes where many interpretations are valid.Again, you should only rely on direct evidence to answer Reading questions. Even if the answer seems like it could represent a valid perspective on the passage, if it isn’t supported directly by the text, you need to eliminate it. ALWAYS. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! Process of Elimination in Action: Sample Question Now let's take a look at a real SAT Reading question and figure out which three choices can be eliminated. Here's the section of the passage you'll need to read to answer the question: To give a bit of background, the passage as a whole is discussing the position of women in English society. It was written in 1938, soon after women began to join men in the workforce in large numbers. This question asks us to identify the purpose of lines 72-76 in the passage.Remember, we need to find concrete evidence for the answer we end up choosing. Upon reading these lines and the lines immediately afterwards, it appears that they are meant to emphasize the need for women to continue to critique the society they find themselves in even as more barriers to their full participation are lifted ("Where in short is it leading us, the procession of the sons of educated men?"). Now we can go through the choices and figure out which ones to cross out: Choice A: This is an example of a plausible interpretation answer. While it's true that the challege that women face at this period in time is a novel one, lines 72-76 do not exist specifically to emphasize that fact. Notice that there is no reference to the fact that this is a new challege either in those lines or in the rest of the paragraph. This choice can be eliminated. Choice B: This choice is promising. The lines emphasize critical reflection for women who are now joining male-dominated professions.The main point is that even as women join the professional ranks, they should continue to question the nature of the society as a whole. They should keep in mind that it is shaped by its long tradition of excluding women from the public sphere. As the author says, "Let us never cease from thinking - what is this civilization in which we find ourselves?" Choice C: This is another plausible interpretation answer that is just too broad to be the correct choice. The purpose of the lines is not specifically to emphasize the complexity of the political and social issues of the day, even if the fact of this complexity is brought to the forefront by the passage as a whole. We're looking for a more narrowly focused answer that deals specifically with the lines in the question. Choice D: This is an irrelevant answer that borders on an opposite answer. It misses the point of these lines entirely. They are not meant to emphasize the multitude of new career prospects for women. Rather, the passage encourages women not to step blindly into these new fields without examining why they do so and whether they should carry on the traditions of a society that originally took shape with their exclusion in mind. Ok, based on my notes about each answer, choices A, C, and D can all be eliminated. That means choice B must be the correct response! Choice B has direct evidence backing it up, and it matches our original interpretation of the lines perfectly. Let’s Review! The fundamental rule of SAT Reading is that there is only ONE absolutely correct answer choice, and the rest can be eliminated! There are two types of SAT Reading questions: passage-based questions and sentence completion questions. You can detect incorrect answer choices by watching for: Answers that contain extra information or are slightly off Answers that represent the opposite of the relationship described in the passage Answers that are irrelevant or are just a mish-mash of conceptsfound in the passage Answers that are plausible interpretations of the passage, but are not supported by any direct evidence As long as you remember that the correct answer must restate something in the passage, you should be able to eliminate three out of four answer choices on most Reading questions and end up with a great score! What's Next? If you're interested in more tips on raising a low Reading score,take a look at this article! Also check out our advice on how toread passages effectively and stop running out of time. If you already have a good Reading and Writing score, but you want to make it great, read our article on how to get an 800! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Reading lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Problem Statement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Problem Statement - Assignment Example Rewards technique improves performance of teachers through extrinsic and intrinsic aspects. Extrinsic rewards are given to individuals; for instance, bonuses, trophies, and compliments. Intrinsic rewards involve internal satisfaction; for instance, sense of accomplishment. Education instructors are also motivated through participation in the decision making process of elementary schools and other education institutions. Proper work-life balance is also instrumental in improving academic performance standards of teachers. Personal and family time should be adequately balanced with work efforts, so as to realize minimal conflict. Work-life programs involve; flextime, workplace wellness, telecommuting, and family support (Skemp, 2007). Elementary schools entail education institutions where children aged between five and eleven years, pursue education. In United States the elementary schools starts form grade kindergarten up to the second grade (K-2). At this education level, learning comprises both physical aspects and academic aspects. The elementary education sector in America experiences challenges like underperformance. This is due to inadequate efforts of education instructors at the level of education. Public education institutions are particularly affected by the underperformance issue. The key underperformance issues entails; low self confidence among the teaching staffs, low success expectations, inadequate interest in education matters at elementary level, achievement anxiety, and fear or fear which results in low work confidence. This specific research question illustrates focus and also the design of the research study. The question enables easy identification of the variables of the study; the dependent and the independent variables. The specific research question also identifies the national sector that will be covered during the study. According to the question, the main subject under discussion is the performance of elementary

An Investigation to Enhance the Vocational Competency of South Asian M Essay

An Investigation to Enhance the Vocational Competency of South Asian Migrant Workforce - Essay Example In order to give their best performance and excel in their work, they need to be competent enough to adjust themselves according to the trends, norms and practices prevalent in the Saudi Construction Industry Saudi culture. However, there are certain factors that decline the migrant workers’ performance at work, many of which can be attributed to the linguistic and behavioral differences between Saudi Arabian managers and engineers and the South Asian workers. This research will identify those factors, and suggest suitable strategies to eradicate them so that the South Asian migrant workers’ competence at work can be enhanced and their productivity be increased. Challenges that particularly need to be addressed are the determination of all factors that play a role in defining the migrant workers’ competence at work. Also, scaling of their competence is a big challenge for the researcher, for competence needs to be quantified in order to judge whether certain strategies have helped improve it or not. To study the ways to improve the skill, knowledge and motivation of the South Asian migrant workforce in the public sector of Saudi Construction Industry so as to enhance their productivity as well as the quality of work they produce. Quality of construction is one of the primary concerns in construction and development that is currently taking place all over the world. Particularly, countries like Saudi Arabia are known for rapid construction and development because of good Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The average annual GDP growth in Saudi Arabia between 1969 and 2009 was 5.06 percent (Trading Economics, 2010). The exaggerated construction and development rate in Saudi Arabia can be attributed to  the linguistic and behavioral differences between Saudi Arabian managers and engineers and the South Asian workers.

Elecriccity and Magnatism Essay Example for Free

Elecriccity and Magnatism Essay A hostile takeover defense wherein the target firm makes its stock less attractive to a potential acquirer is called Choose one answer. | a. a standstill agreement. | | | b. greenmail. | | | c. a poison pill. | | | d. crossing the palm with silver. | | Question 38 Marks: 1 Compared to managers, shareholders prefer Choose one answer. | a. riskier strategies with greater diversification for the firm. | | | b. riskier strategies with more focused diversification for the firm. | | | c. safer strategies with more focused diversification for the firm. | | | d. afer strategies with greater diversification for the firm. | | The Enron employee who reported the financial manipulations at the company to her superiors can be considered to have engaged in Choose one answer. | a. an act of courage. | | | b. white-collar crime. | | | c. vindictive disloyalty. | | | d. managerial opportunism. | | Question 40 Marks: 1 The longer the focus of managerial incentive compensation, the greater the ____ top-level managers. Choose one answer. | a. earnings potential for | | | b. incentives for | | | c. potential tax burden for | | | d. risks borne by | | Marks: 1 The choices that a firm has for entering the international market include all of the following EXCEPT Choose one answer. | a. acquisition. | | | b. leasing. | | | c. exporting. | | | d. licensing. | | Question 36 Marks: 1 There are few true mergers because Choose one answer. | a. few firms have complementary resources. | | | b. of managerial resistance. True mergers result in significant managerial-level layoffs. | | | c. integration problems are more severe than in outright acquisitions. | | | d. one firm usually dominates in terms of market share, size, or value of assets. | | Market power is derived primarily from the Choose one answer. | a. size of a firm and its resources and capabilities. | | | b. core competencies of the firm. | | | c. depth of a firm strategy. | | | d. quality of a firm top management team. | | Question 34 Marks: 1 The use or application of entrepreneurship within an established firm is called Choose one answer. | a. transformational leadership. | | | b. corporate entrepreneurship. | | | c. corporate emergence. | | | d. exceptional Ramp;D. | | Four perspectives are integrated to form the balanced scorecard framework. The financial perspective focuses on the view of the firm by the Choose one answer. | a. employee. | | b. general society. | | | c. customer. | | | d. shareholder. | | Question 32 Marks: 1 Managers may decide to invest ____ in products that are not associated with the firm’s current lines of business to increase the firm’s level of diversification and decrease their employment risk. Choose one answer. | a. free cash flows | | | b. unsubstantial prof its | | | c. marginal profits | | | d. frozen assets | | An international diversification strategy is one in which a firm Choose one answer. | a. acquires a firm in a foreign country | | | b. expands into a potentially large number of geographic locations and markets | | | c. xpands into one or a few markets | | | d. expands into nearby markets | | Question 30 Marks: 1 Firms needing to change their strategies should Choose one answer. | a. emphasize the training and development of internal managerial talent. | | | b. implement transformational leadership. | | | c. focus on their core customer base. | | | d. create more heterogeneous top management teams. | | The primary responsibility for effective strategic leadership of the organization rests with the Choose one answer. | a. top management team. | | | b. stakeholders. | | | c. CEO. | | | d. board of directors. | | Question 28 Marks: 1

Ethan Frome Essay -- Essays Papers

Ethan Frome Ethan Frome written by Edith Wharton in 1905 is a novel about the dilemmas of a poor New England farmer named Ethan Frome, his wife Zeena, and Zeena's cousin, Mattie Silver. The first person narrator, an engineer, comes to the town of Starkfield and becomes curious about the crippled, taciturn Ethan Frome. The tragic consequences of Ethan's unhappy marriage and forbidden love are revealed in a flashback to twenty-four years before the narrators arrival in Starkfield. In 1992, a movie was made of Ethan Frome which kept this plot in tact but included a number of changes in how the story was narrated and in some of the details about the characters and the plot. Some of the changes were effective; others were not so effective. Some of these changes didn't even make that much of an effect on the way the movie was compared with the book. One of these changes would have to be that the narrator was an engineer in the book and in the movie he was a minister. This change was not that big of a deal. This seems like it wouldn't really make that much of a difference. In the movie they didn't go into that much detail about before the accident so it mad no difference if the narrator was an engineer or a minister. Either way it would have made no difference if he was a bartender or an exotic dancer. It may or may not have made the story a little more interesting, but who really cares what the narrator's occupation is. Some of the changes in the book seemed to m...

Jolibee

How Does The Jollibee Compete To Mc Donald In fast Food Industry In Phillipine A. Background McDonald’s and Jollibee are two fast food chains that compete to selling hamburgers in the Philippines. McDonald’s is an American owned company while Jollibee was founded in Philippine. Jollibee has more than 500 stores in the Philippines and 25 in other countries, selling more than half a million burgers every day and McDonald's has about 250 outlets in the Philippines. Jollibee has success to be the largest food company in Philippine, with sales of 21. 7 billion pesos, or $397 million, in 2004, up 13. percent from a year earlier. Jollibee respecst to the local tastes, unlike McDonald’s which was constrained by its obligation to remain faithful to its core products, Jollibee was flexible. This case tell how the competition between McDonald’s and Jollibee use their strategy to dominated both local and international market. Jollibee ,which was a Filipino chain of re staurants, was forced to change their strategy with the entry of McDonalds in Philippines, which later transformed the company into a global company. The company faced serious challenges with their international exposure. B.Case Issues McDonald’s becomes famous in Indonesia because operational efficiency, excellence service, and also creative marketing strategy. McDonald’s provide 24 hours services, delivery services, and give some toys for kids when buy their product. This situation contrast in Phillipines. In 1975, Tony Tan Caktiong and his brothers opened an ice cream store which grew to burgers and other fast food. Although imitated United States kinds of menu, he developed their own brand named jollibee. Jollibee has many achievement. In 1981, Jollibee entered the list of the top 1,000 corporations.In 1984, it was the top 500 list and dominated local fast food market. The strength of Jollibee is know what their customers want. They offer rice, spaghetti and sauce which is suitable with Fillipino's taste when the other fast food not offer it. Jollibee has menu variation such hotdog, French fries and more asian menus. Jollibee entered the market 80s when Philipines was in the big problems. They heavily invested in the number of their stores at that time so, when McDonald’s entered, it was too late, McDonald’s lost so many locations and Jollibee could enjoyed zero competition in certain areas.Jollibee made by Fillipino, so the other Fillipino who eats it will feel proud and give emotional satisfaction benefit. C. Business Environment Analysis (External and Internal) STRENGTHS * Jollibee know what their customers want. While other fastfood restaurants never offer rice and spaghetti in Phillipines, Jollibee offers it as their entrees. * Jolibee dominate the local market in Phillipines WEAKNESSES * Only dominated the phillpines market, difficult to expansion to foreign. * The marketing skills are not effective * Poor co-ordination be tween the national and international units. Has variety of product but sells in different market OPPORTUNITIES THREATS * Phillipines is one of agricultural country, get raw materials is easier * Increase commissaries will reduce the transportation cost * Competition with local and international companies * Develop their business to abroad D. Marketing and Human Resource Manajemen Marketing Jollibee compete McDonald’s with these thing : * Jollibee was the first to enter the market * His price is cheaper than his competitor * Know the tastes of consumer and be flexibleJolibee should compete with KFC and McDonald’s which have high brand value to entered international market. There are so many rivals to entered the international market, Jollibee should have innovation marketing strategy to sells his product. The success key are good food, good service and reasonable price. Jollibee build advantage competitive to get more consumer. The company has good internal financial re sources but a certain code should be maintained in the relationship with the franchisee. Human Resources Human resources be the important factor to be success in organize a business.Excellence human resources will give big impact to the business. Both serve to fulfil the goals, needs of employees, and to ensure that they have the necessary resources to successfully complete their duties. Jollibee has organize his human resources with : * Jollibee provides top-notch services in all its outlets. * Making fun and friendly environment. * Do stringent recruitment and selection procedures to staff to man its outlets * Training programs equip its staff with the necessary skills needed to better perform their tasks. * Give more compensation to his staffWith these strategies, Jollibee is able to create a high standards and excellence services of working environment . E. Conclusion In conclusion, Jollibee has success to compete with McDonald’s in Philliphines , but in International mar ket McDonald’s still be the winner. The business give customers more by being sensitive and responsive to their changing tastes and wants by adding a local flavor to his product range. Overall, these changes certainly kept Jollibee ahead of the game, as 10 years in the future, their success would be so great as to garner the Entrepreneur of the Year Award by Ernst & Young for founder Tony Tan Caktiong.Reference : http://www. docshare. com/doc/122235/Jollibee-Foods-Corporation-Strategic-Manageme http://www. docstoc. com/docs/9481476/McDonalds-Company-Background-Products-Competitors-And-Positioning http://www. jollibee. com. ph/about-us http://favoritefilipinofoods. blog. com/2011/07/09/mcdonald%E2%80%99s-or-jollibee-what-is-the-better-food-chain-for-you/ http://www. kaskus. us/showthread. php? p=166683666 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/McDonald%27s

Race Racism and Society Essay

Race racism and society What do you consider the most convincing theoretical explanation for racism in society today? Whilst there are many theories for why racism exists in society today, in my essay I will be discussing what theories have emerged to explain racism in society today and what reasons sociologists put forward for this. Racism: what does this word mean? Where did this word come from, when it was originally used? I will also discuss the word race and what it means and how it differs from ethnicity, discussing the effects of the word. I will be discussing the theories behind racism in society today. My aim is to create an understanding of racism in society, where and how it came about and why it is still such a great issue in society today. I will talk about sociologist views, why some of them dispute that racism is even a real word. I will be exploring the history of race and racism. Finally, I will conclude the theories that I have found which hold the best understanding of the effects of raci sm and why it still exists. Racism â€Å"Racism† said to believe that race accounts for the differences in human beings, whether it be for their character or for their own personal ability. This suggests that perhaps a particular race is above others. â€Å"Racism† when there is intolerance between two people of different racial backgrounds, purely based on the colour of their skin. There is also something called discrimination, which is when there are differences between two people based on the ethnicity or sexual preferences. Racism is said to be happening in day-to-day life, however many of us fail to recognise racism as we do not think anything of it. Police often accused of being racist when they carry out stop and search; people accuse them of stopping ethnic minority people more, studies such as the study by the guardian carried out to prove that there is some truth in this. (V Dodd; 2012, study) In addition, there are many videos up on the renowned YouTube where people are having rants about â₠¬Å"immigrants and coloured people† in the country. Some of these examples classed as racism however failed to identify as racism in daily life as it is happening so often. â€Å"British women arrested for racist rant on tram† (YouTube) this shows that there is proof of racism in daily life. This theory argues that class based conflict is due to an inherent and important part of society. These theorists thus argue that racial and ethnic conflict tied to class conflict and that in order to reduce racial and ethnic conflict; class conflict must be reduced. (Anderson M L, 2009) These three theories provide an insight on what sociologist think of racism in society and how they view the reasoning behind racism in society today. It shows that there are different opinions as to why there is racism in society today. The most popular theory is the interaction theory; many people think that ethnic minorities grouped in areas and make their own society distancing themselves from other societies preventing them from learning and mixing wit h the British culture and society. Race V.s Ethnicity The definition between race and ethnicity is actually different. The term ‘race’ is usually referred to as a group of people who are sharing the same physical or biological characteristics, especially skin colour, ancestral heritage, cultural affiliation, cultural history, ethnic classification, and the social, economic and political needs of a society at a given period of time. However, sociologists tend to reject the idea that ‘race’ is a scientifically valid concept (this is why ‘race’ is normally in inverted commas by most sociologists.) (Bernasconi; 2001). â€Å"Race simply cannot be tested or proven scientifically,† according to biologists (Hall 1999 p101). On the other hand, ethnicity refers to the nationality, culture, beliefs, and ancestors. There is much confusion between these two words as people tend to class race and ethnicity as one but it is two different concepts. â€Å"Many people like to make ethnic distinctions as well as national distinctions to hold onto their ethnic culture and identity.† (P.Essed; 1991) Theories There are many theories that can explain the use of racism in society today; however, I have chosen a few that have proved to be the most convincing theories. These theories give background on why these factors are a cause for racism in our society today. Many people believe that there is racism in society today due to the amount of immigrants in the country, living in the UK illegally, â€Å"taking all the jobs, and claiming the benefits. In addition, people believe that white people have more rights in the UK over any non-whites whether they are British born or not.† (J Ghosh; 2011) This is one of the theories on why racism exists in society today and the recession has not helped as this has developed a lack of jobs and money in the society and benefits have become harder to qualify due to new cuts by the new leading political groups. Many believe that ethnic minorities such as â€Å"Pakistanis, Muslims, Indians, Iraqis don’t deserve to be here because they do nothin g at all for our country and get free housing, food and they have their own country.† Immigrants can be scapegoated for economic problems, as they are an easy target when people believe they have no sense of belonging in today’s British society. Racism may also exists due to political beliefs this is also possible, as political movements such as the EDL (English defence league) combined with the national front have created a group that influences thousands to join their group to make Britain an all-white country because they believe non-whites do not belong in this society. This causes racism amongst society members as they can go to the extremes. The EDL riots held mainly in non-white populated areas, some of their most famous riots have been conducted in Bradford, a very Asian populated place. These riots have had thousands of police involved to prevent them spiralling out of control and are called peaceful protests however do not remain peaceful for very long as there is always conflict. This suggests that there are many people involved in causing difference s between the white and non-white people even today. A theory still exists in the sociological world that suggests that racism will be around until we voice and accept that all ethnic minority groups are different. Racism will continue to exist because we all strive for equality, however we fail to realise that whether we are from different ethnic backgrounds or not we are all in fact different. (W Spisak; 2007) The other theories that have emerged for the reasons behind racism today are the fact that people fear for their own security, this suggests that the media who impose these stereotypes on people such as; â€Å"Afghans – Because they hijack planes and kill people.† ; â€Å"People in Iraq †¦ did horrible non-forgivable actions!† In addition, racism could be due to the indifference that we have between the other and the white majority; people dislike difference such as colour difference, cultural differences. In a survey 60% of people want less black and Asian immigration, this may have been due to immigration rise and the recession. (Young; 1995) Psychological theories claim that racism is a form of extreme prejudice and is a manifestation. Some psychologists also claim that there is a distinct personality type that is inclined to adopt racist attitudes; however, this has never been proven. (Blackscademy; 2005) Social identity theory maintains that individuals naturally strive for positive self-image, and the process of categorising people into in-groups and out-groups enhances social identity. In other words, social psychologists have a tendency to see no need to look outside. Cultural stories and everyday social customs can promote racism. An example of this is when parents want their child to only marry within their own race and culture because they do not want a mixed race child in the family or they may find it difficult to get along with a different cultured family and so forth. This in itself tends to perpetuate racism. Sociologist views Sociologists such as Marxist disagree that racism is because of inherent human tendency. Marxist believes that is a fictitious concept which has become a big part of society, however according to the sociologist Cox racism originates in a practical exploitive relationship, which is used to justify the exploitation of one group by another (O.Cox; 1948) According to Hall racism as a philosophy opposes that there is any natural connection between the way that people look, whether it be the difference in skin colour, hair, eyes or what they think and do. From how intelligent that they are and whether they are good athletes, dancers, workers or not. Also their good characteristics and how they act in society. However, racist people believe that these characteristics in a human being are according to their race and ethnicity background. Halls principle focus is not on the effect of racism; rather how racism is cultivated in our minds, â€Å"blacks are not as clever as whites† Halls believes that this has never been proved. There are inferior and superior groups in society. For example, if you see dust in the house you clean it, because there is no sense of belonging for it. In the same way, some people want to stay superior by putting ethnic minority down and feel they have no sense of belonging in this society. The reading by Lentin (2008) considers what she refers to as an increasing ‘silence’ about ‘race’ within European politics, and particularly the UK despite the persistence of racism, exclusion, and inequality. She writes that racism is part of history and is not present in the world today. †¨In the contemporary period- and related to the ‘crisis of multiculturalism’ there has emerged a popular and political discourse that suggests ‘race’ no longer matters. The election of President Obama in the US is central to a view that argues we are now in an age of ‘post-race’. In Britain, too such ideas have become dominant. The term ‘post-race’ captures the way in which politicians and the media, particularly those on the right, argue that systemic racism has been largely eradicated from society. Others argue that we must move beyond ‘race thinking’ to challenge the power of this form of categorisat ion (Gilroy; 2000) History Racism exists when one ethnic group or historical together dominates a society, which excludes, or attempts to get rid of another because of the differences between them, believed to be genetic or unchangeable differences. An ideological basis for explicit racism ended in the west during the modern period. Before the middle ages, there was no clear indication of racism in Europe or any other cultures. When the devil and witchcraft within the Jews was identified, this is when the first signs of racist views in the world appeared, this was in the early 13/14th century. Official permission for attitudes came later in Spain when Jewish people converted to Christianity due to becoming the victims of discrimination and exclusion from society in the early 16th century. In 1500 and 1600’s Britain had migrated over Indians and Negros to work as servants and sailors in the port towns such as Bristol and Liverpool. Britain made a lot of profit from this very cheap labour and from the sla ve trade that started in the 1600’s this finally ended in the 1800’s. In 1792, there were 140 slave ships in Liverpool alone therefore; it is unclear how many there were in other ports. It was much later in the late 19th century that black Caribbean people started migrating to the UK and building their own communities establishing their own lives, which caused a stir amongst the â€Å"white British† people. This created new politics amongst the government; they were paying more attention towards â€Å"coloured† workers debating about their rights. During the early 20th century, there was a new phenomenon about racial differences between the black and white people. According to Harris the main theme of the debates surrounded by whether black people created a social problem, according to them there was social decay due to the black population in certain areas where black societies had settled. (J Solomos; 2003) when black people’s rights to vote was taken off them even after many regimes had been passed to group them as equal citizens. â€Å"The climax of history came in the 20th century in the rise and fall of overtly racist regimes† Racis m: (G M. Fredrickson; 2002) â€Å"In the 1993 elections Racism had a serious impact as the people were already worried about their futures and their jobs, playing on this economic distress, and to deal with the fact that there is growing sentiment that something is deeply wrong with the system, the ruling class used racism to create the perception that the problem is crime and violence, that the criminals are Black and Brown people, especially youth.† (S Marshall; 2012) Legal â€Å"The Federal Equal Employment Opportunity laws, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008, forbid an employer to treat an applicant or employee differently than others based on race. Hiring, firing, pay rate, promotion, training and benefits cannot differ based on race. Employers and co-workers cannot harass others who are a different race. Derogatory terms, offensive language or racial teasing or comments are illegal. When racism affects employment, it is a crime.† (Act of 1963) Conclusion All my research suggests that racism still exists because of human mind-sets due to the society in which we are bought up. What kind of upbringing we have, there are also more factors to contribute to racism in society today such our surroundings, political beliefs, media and how they portray ethnic minority reports in their articles and headings and TV. Political groups such as the EDL also inflict thoughts of racism amongst the â€Å"British† as they promote a country where only white people live and not a multicultural society. However the theory that I have found to be the most convincing theory behind racism in society today is the increase in immigration which leads to more jobs being taken by ethnic minority, however if you look at the kind of jobs that immigrants have it’s the more derogatory jobs such as cleaning. The jobs that the â€Å"British white† people do not want to do. Although this is not what the British people see, they believe that the immig rants are seizing all the jobs and money. According to the sociologist, Marxist claims racism does not exist and is just a fictitious concept. On the other hand, Hall argues that racism is due to the lack of understanding from people also telling us that there is no set conclusion for the reasoning behind racism today it all depends on the individual the inferior and superior model for people in society today. The theories that I have found to be most convincing are that racism is because we all strive for equal opportunities and equality generally and we don’t want to admit that there is ethnic differences that we all have to accept. Bibliography Anderson, M.L. and Taylor, H.F. (2009). Sociology: The Essentials. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. Bernasconi, R. (2001) Race, Wiley Blackwell Oliver Cox’s 1948 work, Class, Caste and Race presents a Marxist interpretation of Race) George M. Fredrickson (2002) A Short History; Princeton University Paul Gilroy; 2000 Against Race: Imagining Political Culture Beyond the Color Line Jayati Ghosh; 2011; Fear of Foreigners: Recession and Racism in Europe Hall, Stuart (1999) â€Å"Old and New Identities.† Les Back and John Solomos (eds.), Theories of Race and Racism: A Reader. London: Blackwell Stuart hall; 1997; Race, The Floating Signifier John solomos. (1986) ‘Varieties of Marxist conceptions of ‘race’, class and state’, J. Rex and D. Mason (eds.) Theories of Race and Ethnic Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press John Solomos; Second edition, theories of race and racism; 2000; Routledge; pg.76 Alana Lentin; 2008; Racism and Ethnic Discrimination; pg 71-73; Rosen PUBLISHING Scott Marshall; 2012, The Fight Against Racism Today Philomena Essed; 1991; Understanding everyday racism (An interdisciplinary theory) Wendi Spisak; 2007; Why racists still exist Vikram Dodd; (2012) â€Å"Police up to 28 times more likely to stop and search black people – study;† The Guardian Young; 1995; A literature review for the commission for Racial Equality (CRE);Dr. Nissa Finney and Esme Peach www.blacksacademy.bi2/ba (2005) @font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium 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Racist Rant on Tram Gets British Woman Arrested - YouTube The Young Turks4.2M subscribersSubscribeRacist Rant on Tram Gets British Woman ArrestedWatch laterShareInfoShoppingTap to unmute4:43If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device.More videosFull screen is unavailable. 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